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6900 > Anesthesia Delivery Physics > Flashcards

Anesthesia Delivery Physics Flashcards

1
Q

Dalton’s Law

A

Total pressure = P1 + P2 + P3

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2
Q

Henry’s Law

A

The amount of gas that will dissolve in a solution is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in contact with the solution

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3
Q

Universal Gas Law

A

PV = nRT

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4
Q

Cylinder safety device

A

Woods metal

  • Composed of bismuth, lead, tin, cadmium
  • Melts at 200 degrees
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5
Q

Pin Index Safety System (and positions for O2, air, N2O)

A 
PISS
-Safety system on ECylinders, connects to yoke
O2: 2, 5
Air: 1, 5
N2O: 3, 5
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6
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

P1xV1 = P2xV2

T is constant

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7
Q

Charles’s Law

A

V1/T1 = V2/T2

P is constant

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8
Q

Gay-Lussac’s Law

A

P1/T1 = P2/T2

V is constant

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9
Q

Dr Henry Boyle

A

Came up with original anesthesia machine concept in 1917

  • Flow meters
  • Vaporizing bottles
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10
Q

Critical temperature

A

The temperature a gas must be at or below for it to be liquefied by pressure only
O2: -119 C
N2O: 97 F

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11
Q

Prevention of pipeline O2 supply problems

A
  • Inlets have a filter to trap debris
  • One-way check valve prevents reverse flow
  • High pressure relief valve if pressure > 95-110 psi in regulator failure
  • DISS
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12
Q

Bourdon

A

Pressure gauge used to measure cylinder and pipeline pressure

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13
Q

Full O2 tank psi and liters

A

2000 psi

660 L

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14
Q

Full N2O tank psi and liters

A

745 psi
1590 L
Full tank = 8.8 kg / 20 lb
Empty tank = 5.9 kg / 14 lb

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15
Q

ASA closed claims project database frequent cause

A

Lack of familiarity with equipment or failure to check AM function is more frequent cause (2%)

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16
Q

SPDD

A

Supply, processing, delivery, and disposal of gasses

-Model to describe gasses to and from the OR

17
Q

Hanger Yoke functions

A
  • Orient/support cylinders
  • Provide unidirectional flow to the machine
  • Ensures a gas tight seal
18
Q

Check valve

A

Unidirectional

  • Allows cylinders to be changed during use
  • Minimizes leaks if yoke is empty
  • Minimizes transfilling between cylinders
19
Q

Pressure reducing device

A

AKA: Regulator

  • In each cylinder
  • 2000 psi -> 45 psi (<50 to prevent use if accidently left open)
  • Manifold has valves to do this
  • Has a filter before
20
Q

O2 failsafe

A
  • Threshold alarm when O2 pipeline pressure is <30psi
  • Pneumatic device that stops N2O when O2 pressure is <20psi
  • Doesn’t prevent a hypoxic mixture if there’s crossover
21
Q

5 tasks of O2

A
  • Pressure failure alarm
  • Pressure failure device (failsafe)
  • Flowmeter
  • Flush valve
  • Ventilator drive gas (GE machines)
22
Q

Oxygen flush valve

A

“CRNA panic button”

  • Gets O2 from pipeline or cylinder reducer to the common gas outlet (after the vaporizers)
  • 50psi
  • 35-75LPM
23
Q

Second-stage pressure regulator

A
  • In GE Datex-Omeda machines
  • Before flow control valves: Keeps flow constant
  • Reduces pipeline or cylinder pressure to: N20-26psi, O2-14psi
24
Q

Reynolds Number

A

= (Density x Diameter x Velocity) / Viscosity

  • Low flow (<2000) = Laminar flow
  • High flow (>2000) = Turbulent flow
25
Q

Turbulent flow is dependent on ____

A

Gas density

Graham’s Law: Diffusion is directly proportional to molecular weight

26
Q

Laminar flow is dependent on ____

A

Gas viscosity

Poiseulle’s equation: Flow is directly proportional to the r^4

27
Q

O2 flowmeter placement on the manifold

A

On the right side, downstream from other flowmeters

28
Q

Proportioning system/Hypoxia Prevention safety device

A
  • Integration of N2O/O2 flow control valves
  • Automatically keeps O2 at at least 25%
  • N2O : O2 = 3 : 1
  • Not fool proof if there is a leak downstream or crossover
29
Q

Oxygen analyzer

A

Only device that evaluates the integrity of low pressure circuits and ensures that O2 is present
-In the inspiratory limb

6900 (12 decks)

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