Anemia - reduced RBC production

Question 1

What types of anemia occurs with failure of bone marrow proliferation?

Answer 1

Aplastic and myelophthisic anemia

Question 2

What is the general cause of aplastic anemia?

Answer 2

Failure of bone marrow proliferation leading to “empty” bone marrow

Question 3

What is the general cause of myelophthisic anemia?

Answer 3

Bone marrow replaced by “something else”

Question 4

What are the common causes of iron deficiency?

Answer 4

Increased iron requirements (infancy, pregnancy, chronic blood loss), dietary deficiency (infants, vegetarians), impaired intestinal iron absorption

Question 5

What size will RBCs be if hemoglobin production is impaired?

Answer 5

Microcytic

Question 6

What color will RBCs be if hemoglobin production is impaired?

Answer 6

Hypochromic

Question 7

Iron deficiency anemia is caused by a failure of what cellular maturation process?

Answer 7

Cytoplasmic maturation

Question 8

What RBC, HGB, and HCT values would you see with iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 8

All low

Question 9

What MCV value would you see with iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 9

Low

Question 10

What MCH and MCHC values would you see with iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 10

All low

Question 11

What RDW values would you see with iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 11

High

Question 12

How is iron transferred from the duodenal epithelium to the blood vessels?

Answer 12

Ferroportin

Question 13

What is the function of transferrin?

Answer 13

Bind free iron for transport to the bone marrow and liver

Question 14

What protein binds free iron for transport to the bone marrow and liver?

Answer 14

Transferrin

Question 15

What is the function of ferroportin?

Answer 15

Transport iron across the duodenal epithelium into the blood stream

Question 16

How is iron stored in the bone marrow and liver?

Answer 16

Ferritin

Question 17

What is the function of ferritin?

Answer 17

Bind iron for storage in the bone marrow and liver

Question 18

What serum iron values would you see in iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 18

Low

Question 19

What transferrin iron saturation values would you see in iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 19

Low

Question 20

What TIBC values would you see in iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 20

High

Question 21

What ferritin values would you see in iron deficiency anemia?

Answer 21

Low

Question 22

Anemia of chronic disease arises in what setting?

Answer 22

Chronic inflammation

Question 23

What is the purported mechanism of anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 23

To deprive infectious organisms from getting iron for proliferation

Question 24

What protein is produced in response to chronic inflammation that reduces iron uptake, storage, and responsiveness to EPO?

Answer 24

Hepcidin

Question 25

What is the purpose of hepcidin?

Answer 25

Inhibit iron uptake, decrease responsiveness to EPO, and inhibit the transfer of iron from ferritin to RBCs?

Question 26

What serum iron values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 26

Low

Question 27

What transferrin iron saturation values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 27

Low

Question 28

What TBIC values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 28

Normal or high

Question 29

What ferritin values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 29

Normal or high

Question 30

What RBC, HGB, and HCT values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 30

All low

Question 31

What MCV and MCHC values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 31

Usually normal, can be low

Question 32

What RDW values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

Answer 32

Normal

Question 33

Why is anemia of chronic disease usually not microcytic and hypochromic?

Answer 33

Decreased response to EPO is usually the predominant factor