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Heme > Anemia - reduced RBC production > Flashcards

Anemia - reduced RBC production Flashcards

1
Q

What types of anemia occurs with failure of bone marrow proliferation?

A

Aplastic and myelophthisic anemia

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2
Q

What is the general cause of aplastic anemia?

A

Failure of bone marrow proliferation leading to “empty” bone marrow

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3
Q

What is the general cause of myelophthisic anemia?

A

Bone marrow replaced by “something else”

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4
Q

What are the common causes of iron deficiency?

A

Increased iron requirements (infancy, pregnancy, chronic blood loss), dietary deficiency (infants, vegetarians), impaired intestinal iron absorption

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5
Q

What size will RBCs be if hemoglobin production is impaired?

A

Microcytic

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6
Q

What color will RBCs be if hemoglobin production is impaired?

A

Hypochromic

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7
Q

Iron deficiency anemia is caused by a failure of what cellular maturation process?

A

Cytoplasmic maturation

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8
Q

What RBC, HGB, and HCT values would you see with iron deficiency anemia?

A

All low

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9
Q

What MCV value would you see with iron deficiency anemia?

A

Low

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10
Q

What MCH and MCHC values would you see with iron deficiency anemia?

A

All low

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11
Q

What RDW values would you see with iron deficiency anemia?

A

High

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12
Q

How is iron transferred from the duodenal epithelium to the blood vessels?

A

Ferroportin

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13
Q

What is the function of transferrin?

A

Bind free iron for transport to the bone marrow and liver

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14
Q

What protein binds free iron for transport to the bone marrow and liver?

A

Transferrin

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15
Q

What is the function of ferroportin?

A

Transport iron across the duodenal epithelium into the blood stream

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16
Q

How is iron stored in the bone marrow and liver?

A

Ferritin

17
Q

What is the function of ferritin?

A

Bind iron for storage in the bone marrow and liver

18
Q

What serum iron values would you see in iron deficiency anemia?

A

Low

19
Q

What transferrin iron saturation values would you see in iron deficiency anemia?

A

Low

20
Q

What TIBC values would you see in iron deficiency anemia?

A

High

21
Q

What ferritin values would you see in iron deficiency anemia?

A

Low

22
Q

Anemia of chronic disease arises in what setting?

A

Chronic inflammation

23
Q

What is the purported mechanism of anemia of chronic disease?

A

To deprive infectious organisms from getting iron for proliferation

24
Q

What protein is produced in response to chronic inflammation that reduces iron uptake, storage, and responsiveness to EPO?

A

Hepcidin

25
Q

What is the purpose of hepcidin?

A

Inhibit iron uptake, decrease responsiveness to EPO, and inhibit the transfer of iron from ferritin to RBCs?

26
Q

What serum iron values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

A

Low

27
Q

What transferrin iron saturation values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

A

Low

28
Q

What TBIC values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

A

Normal or high

29
Q

What ferritin values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

A

Normal or high

30
Q

What RBC, HGB, and HCT values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

A

All low

31
Q

What MCV and MCHC values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

A

Usually normal, can be low

32
Q

What RDW values would you see in anemia of chronic disease?

A

Normal

33
Q

Why is anemia of chronic disease usually not microcytic and hypochromic?

A

Decreased response to EPO is usually the predominant factor

Heme (4 decks)

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