Anemia - Dubin

Question 1

causes of anemia

Answer 1

Blood Loss

1. Acute
2. Chronic
3. Decreased Production
4. B12, Folic acid, Fe
   Deficiency
5. Infiltration of marrow
   by neoplasia
6. Aplastic anemia (failure of bone marrow development)
7. Increased Destruction
8. Hemolytic anemias

Question 2

Microcytic anemia etiology

Answer 2

1. Fe deficiency
2. Thalassemia (nherited autosomal recessive blood disorder characterized by abnormal formation of hemoglobin.)
3. Lead poisoning

Question 3

Normocytic anemia etiology

Answer 3

1. Anemia of Chronic Dx
2. Endocrine etiology
3. Acute blood loss
4. Renal failure
5. Hypersplenism
6. Neonatal anemia
7. Hemolysis

Question 4

macrocytic anemia etiology

Answer 4

Deficiency of vitamin B‐12
• Deficiency of folic acid
• Drugs affecting deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis
• Inherited disorders of DNA synthesis
• Liver disease
• Hypothyroidism and hypopituitarism
• Accelerated erythropoiesis (reticulocytes)
• Hypoplastic and aplastic anemia
• Infiltrated bone marrow
• Acute leukemia

Question 5

Megaloblastic Macrocytic Anemia

Answer 5

Macrocytic anemias are characterized by large
erythrocytes
› MCV >100 fL (as high as 140 fL); normal = 80-100
ž However they have normal hemoglobin content in
relation to size (MCHC: mean cell hemoglobin
content)
ž Can be caused by vitamin B12 (cobalamin) and
folate (folic acid) deficiency
ž Anemia that occurs as a result of retarded synthesis
of DNA in the developing red cells in the marrow
ž Continual DNA synthesis is required for production
of numerous erythroblasts