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Pharmacology > Anemia drugs > Flashcards

Anemia drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Iron Preparation drugs

A 
For microcytic anemia
Ferrous sulfate
Ferrous gluconate
Ferrous Fumarate
Iron dextran
iron sucrose
Sodium-ferric gluconate
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2
Q

Ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate description

A

Oral iron therapy

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3
Q

Ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate pharmacodynamics

A

works just as good as parenteral if absorption is normal

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4
Q

Ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate indication

A

iron deficient anemia

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5
Q

Ferrous sulfate, ferrous gluconate, ferrous fumarate adverse

A

GI: Constipation, dark stools, cramps, vomiting, diarrhea

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6
Q

Iron dextran, iron sucrose, Sodium-ferric gluconate description

A

parenteral iron therapy

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7
Q

Iron dextran, iron sucrose, sodium-ferric gluconate pharmacodynamics

A

Toxicity is very rare; mostly occurs in young children after accidental ingestion

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8
Q

Iron dextran, iron sucrose, sodium-ferric gluconate indication

A

Patients who do not tolerate or absorb iron well

Extensive anemia that cannot be maintained on oral iron alone

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9
Q

Iron dextran, iron sucrose, sodium-ferric gluconate adverse

A

Acute iron toxicity -> necrotizing gastroenteritis with vomiting, abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea (-> possibly shock, metabolic acidosis, coma and death)
Treat-> deferoxamine

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10
Q

Iron chelator drugs

A

Deferoxamine

Deferasirox

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11
Q

Iron chelator description

A

Phlebotomy-for chronic iron overload without anemia

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12
Q

Iron chelator pharmacodynamics

A

Binds absorbed iron and promotes excretion

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13
Q

Iron chelator indication

A

Chronic iron toxicity:

Hemochromatosis or multiple transfusions

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14
Q

Vitamin B12 aka Cyanocobalamin
Hydroxycobalamin
Description

A

For macrocytic anemia

Parenteral (huge body stores take a long time to deplete)

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15
Q

Vitamin B12, cyanocobalamin, hydroxycobalamin pharmacodynamics

A

Two reactions:
homocysteine -> methionine
methyl-malonyl -> succinyl

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16
Q

Vitamin B12, cyanocobalamin, hydroxycobalamin indication

A

Malabsorption of Vit B12 (loss of IF,etc)

Can be partly correct with folic acid

17
Q

Vitamin B12, cyanocobalamin, hydroxycobalamin adverse

A

Deficiency of cobalamin can cause neurologic abnormalities due to increased homocysteine

18
Q

Folic acid description

A

macrocytic anemia

Deficiency is a lot more common than B12 but can be easily corrected

19
Q

Folic acid pharmacodynamics

A

required for purine synthesis

Need B12 to for THF -> folate trap

20
Q

Folic acid indication

A 
Folate deficiency (1-6 months to develop) can cause congenital malformation and vascular disease
Drug induced: MTX, trimethoprim, pyrimethamine (inhibit DHF reductase)
21
Q

Folic acid adverse

A

Masking of neurologic deficits in B12 deficiency

22
Q

Erythropoietin description

A

stimulates erythroid proliferation (JAK/STAT)

23
Q

Erythropoietin pharmacodynamics

A

produced in the kidney in response to hypoxia

24
Q

Erythropoietin indication

A

Anemia with renal disease (can’t produce endogenous EPO -> best responders)

25
Q

Darbepoetin description

A

3x longer acting than EPO

-Two CHO chains

26
Q

Darbepoetin indications

A

chronic anemia with renal failure

Myelosuppressive chemotherapy

27
Q

Erythropoietin and Darbepoetin adverse

A

Hyperviscosity -> HTN and thrombosis

28
Q

Filgrastim and Sargramostim description

A

Myeloid growth factors with JAK/STAT receptors

29
Q

FIlgrastim and Sargramostim pharmacodynamics

A

proliferation and differentiation of PMN’s

30
Q

Filgrastim and Sargramostim indication

A

Neutropenia (1 or 2 degree)

Chemotherapy

31
Q

IL-11 description

A

Megakaryocyte growth factor

32
Q

IL-11 pharmacodynamics

A

Increases platelets

33
Q

IL-11 Indications

A

Hx of thromboycytopenia with chemo; decreases need for platelet transfusion

34
Q

Hydroxyurea description

A

Relieves painful course of sickle cell disease

35
Q

Hydroxyurea pharmacodynamics

A

Increases HbF concentration

36
Q

Hydroxyurea indication

A

Sickle cell anemia

37
Q

Hydroxyurea Adverse

A

BM suppression

Cutaneous vasculitis

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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