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B&L > Anemia > Flashcards

Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

Pallor, fatigue, loss of exercise tolerance

A

Fe Deficiency

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2
Q

Fever, arthralgias, arthritis, fatigue, infection: pain, cough, swelling

A

Anemia of Chronic Disease

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3
Q

Personality changes, irritability, weakness, nausea, vomiting, weight loss

A

Lead Intoxication

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4
Q

Anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, hyperbilirubinemia as neonates, can lead to aplastic crisis and biliary stones

A

HS

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5
Q

Splenomegaly, expanded bone marrow, delayed growth and development, endocrinopathies, pulmonary hypertension

A

Thalassemia

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6
Q

Neurologic deficits, slow onset, smooth, sore tongue

A

B12 Deficiency

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7
Q

smooth, sore tongue, rapid onset

A

Folate Deficiency

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8
Q

Acute hemolytic anemia, hyperbilirubinemia, variable degrees of anemia

A

G6PD Deficiency

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9
Q

AIHA is characterized by the acute or chronic onset of anemia, pallor, jaundice, and dark urine. Splenomegaly may occur. Positive DAT test.

A

AIHA

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10
Q

Patients present with variable chronic anemia, hemolysis, splenomegaly, gallstones, and aplastic crises

A

PK Deficiency

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11
Q

Vessel damage leading to multi-organ damage (lungs, retina, spleen, kidney, CNS), priaplasm, and aplastic crisis

A

HbS

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12
Q

Prolonged bleeding time, fatigue, pallor, decreased exercise tolerance, dyspnea, tachypnea

A

Renal Dysfunction

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13
Q

Thyroid: Hyper or hypactivity, weight gain or loss, skin, hair nail changes, Adrenal: vomiting dehydration weakness, circulatory collapse

A

Endocrine Related

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14
Q

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCV, Retic, Serum Fe, Transferrin, Ferritin
High: RDW, TIBC

A

Fe Deficiency

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15
Q

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCV (can be), Retic, Serum Fe, Transferrin, TIBC
Very High: Ferritin (RDW can be)

A

Anemia of Chronic Disease

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16
Q

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCV, Retic,
High: RDW

A

Lead Intoxication

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17
Q

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCV, Haptoglobin, MCHC
Normal: RDW
High: Retic, Biliruben, LDH,

A

Thalassemia

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18
Q

Low: MCV and Haptoglobin
High: RDW, Retic, Biliruben, LDH, MCHC

A

HS

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19
Q

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, Retic, B12 (S),
High: MCV, RDW, Homocys, MA

A

B12 Deficiency

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20
Q

Low: Hgb, Hct, MCH, Retic, Folate
Normal: MA
High: MCV, RDW, Homocys

A

Folate Deficiency

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21
Q

High: RDW, Retic, Biliruben, LDH, MCHC
Low: Haptoglobin, Hgb, Hct, MCH

A

AIHA

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22
Q

High: Retic, Biliruben, LDH
Low: Haptoglobin

A

G6PD Deficiency

23
Q

Difference between warm and cold AIHA

A

Cold: igM binds RBCs in periphery, activates complement, releases cell in central, IV hemolysis. Warm: IgG binds RBC and incites splenic macrophage to phagocytose, EV hemolysis

24
Q

High: Retic, Biliruben, LDH
Low: Haptoglobin, Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCHC

A

PK Deficiency

25
Q

High: RDW, Retic, Biliruben, LDH
Low: Haptoglobin, Hgb, MCH

A

HbS

26
Q

Low: Retic

A

Renal Dysfunction

27
Q

Low: Both Retic

A

Endocrine related

28
Q

Low: MCV, TIBC

A

Sideroblastic

29
Q

Iron supplements

A

Fe Deficiency

30
Q

Treat underlying disease and comorbid conditions. Can give EPO in some cases.

A

Anemia of Chronic Disease

31
Q

Chelation therapy, remove source of lead

A

Lead Intoxication

32
Q

Supportive care for chronic anemia and splenectomy

A

HS

33
Q

Transfusions + chelation if severe, hydroxyurea, bone marrow transplantation,

A

Thalassemia

34
Q

Intramuscular or subcutaneous injections of B12, oral replacenment of B12. Check for correction of levels

A

B12 Deficiency

35
Q

Folate (? maybe?) 1 mg/day orally or parenterally

A

Folate Deficiency

36
Q

Avoid oxidant drugs, certain foods, supportive care, folate

A

G6PD Deficiency

37
Q

Identify and treat underlying disorder

A

AIHA

38
Q

supportive care, transfusions for severe anemia, splenectomy, folate

A

PK Deficiency

39
Q

Bone marrow transplant with matching sibling, transfusions can decrease pain crisis

A

HbS

40
Q

Give EPO, treat comorbid conditions

A

Renal Dysfunction

41
Q

Hormone replacement

A

Endocrine Related

42
Q

Menstrual loss, bleeding, dietary intake, absorbtion issues, cancer, pregnancy

A

Fe Deficiency

43
Q

Underlying disease: chronic inflamation, alcoholism, malignancy

A

Anemia of Chronic Disease

44
Q

Exposure to lead including eating paint chips

A

Lead Intoxication

45
Q

Mutated proteins cause weakened membrane (spectrin, ank, band 3) and spherocyte formation

A

HS

46
Q

Different hemoglobin chains present than normal- Autosomal recessive disorders

A

Thalassemia

47
Q

Vegan diet, pernicious anemia (autoimmune destruction of IF cells), failure to produce IF, malabsorbtion, defective transport or storage, metabolic pathway deficits

A

B12 Deficiency

48
Q

Alcoholism, overcooking food, malabsorbtion, inadequate intake, parasitic infection, pregnancy

A

Folate Deficiency

49
Q

X-linked recessive enzyme deficiency, triggered by lots of foods (fava beans) and chemicals

A

G6PD Deficiency

50
Q

Infection, malignancy, autoimmune, drug induced

A

AIHA

51
Q

Second most common enzyme deficiency

A

PK Deficiency

52
Q

Genetic mutation causing a Glu->Val transformation on hemoglobin leading to sickled RBC’s and hemolysis

A

HbS

53
Q

Hyper, hypo thyroidism, adrenal insufficiency

A

Endocrine Related

54
Q

Chronic alcoholism, B6 deficiency, Lead poisining, X linked recessive

A

Sideroblastic

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