Andy Burrows

Question 1

What are the most common oxidation states of Sc

Answer 1

+3

Question 2

What are the most common oxidation states of Ti

Answer 2

+3 & +4

Question 3

What are the most common oxidation states of V

Answer 3

+5
+4
+3

Question 4

What are the most common oxidation states of Cr

Answer 4

+6

+3

Question 5

What are the most common oxidation states of Mn

Answer 5

+7
+3
+2

Question 6

What are the most common oxidation states of Fe

Answer 6

+3

+2

Question 7

What are the most common oxidation states of Co

Answer 7

+3

+2

Question 8

What are the most common oxidation states of Ni

Answer 8

+2

Question 9

What are the most common oxidation states of Cu

Answer 9

+2

+1

Question 10

What are the most common oxidation states of Zn

Answer 10

+2

Question 11

What structures do MO2 have

Answer 11

Rutile

Question 12

What structures do M2O3 have

Answer 12

Corundum

Question 13

What structures do MO have

Answer 13

Rock salt

Question 14

What structures do M3O4 have

Answer 14

Spinel

Question 15

Why do Ti4+ compounds have high covalent character

Answer 15

High charge density on the metal make it very polarisable

Question 16

How are half equations usually represented

Answer 16

As reductions with the higher oxidation state on the left hand side

Question 17

What is implied by a greater value of E(potential)

Answer 17

The greater the strength of the oxidising agent on the left and the weaker the reducing agent on the right

Question 18

How can you calculate the E (potential) between two points on a frost diagram

Answer 18

Gradient of the line between two points

Question 19

Is disproportionation more or less favourable if the intermediate oxidation state lies below the line linking the higher and lower oxidation states

Answer 19

Thermodynamically unfavourable

Question 20

Is disproportionation more or less favourable if the intermediate oxidation state lies above the line linking the higher and lower oxidation states

Answer 20

Thermodynamically favourable

Question 21

How does pH affect oxidation states

Answer 21

Greatly

High pH favours higher oxidation states

Question 22

Facts about Sc

Answer 22

Colourless
Sc3+ is a strong Lewis acid
Borderline transition metal chemistry

Question 23

Give facts about Ti

Answer 23

Strong Lewis acid
Can be reduced to Ti3+
Ti3+ is a good reducing agent

Question 24

What colour is V6+

Answer 24

Blue

Question 25

What colour is V3+

Answer 25

Green

Question 26

What colour is V2+

Answer 26

Violet

Question 27

What shape are most VO^2+ complexes

Answer 27

Square pyramidal

Question 28

Why does V2+ need to be handled in an inert atmosphere

Answer 28

Strongly reducing and oxidised by air

Question 29

Chromium facts

Answer 29

Cr6+ is strongly oxidising Cr2+ is strongly reducing Cr3+ is d3 so has a high CFSE therefore kinetically inert Carboxylate are dimeric and contain Cr-Cr multiple bonding

Question 30

Manganese facts

Answer 30

Mn 7+ is a powerful oxidising agent. It exists as a tetrahedral anion. It is intensely coloured due to the L to M charge transfer band Mn3+ is always a distorted tetrahedral due to the Jain teller effect Mn2+ are weakly coloured due to the forbidden d to d transition

Question 31

Why is Fe3+ acidic in solution?

Answer 31

High charge density on metal increases the lability of the protons

Question 32

Why are compounds between Fe 3+ and Fe2+ strongly coloured

Answer 32

M to M charge transfer bands

Question 33

Cobalt facts

Answer 33

Cobalt 3+ is a strong oxidising agent N donor ligands great Y stabilise Co3+

Question 34

Zinc facts

Answer 34

Only important oxidation state is Zn2+ Colourless with a wide range of geometries Not really a transition metal

Question 35

What symmetry does a 4s orbital have?

Answer 35

A1g

Question 36

What symmetry do 4p orbitals have?

Answer 36

T1u

Question 37

What symmetry do the d orbitals have (squared)

Answer 37

Eg

Question 38

What symmetry do the d orbitals have (unsquared)

Answer 38

T2g

Question 39

Do pi donor ligands increase or deserves delta Oct

Answer 39

Decrease

Question 40

Do pi acceptor ligands increase or deserves delta Oct

Answer 40

Increase

Question 41

What is the role of a metal centre in the electron transfer of proteins?

Answer 41

Provide a reversible site for an electron

Question 42

What are cytochromes

Answer 42

Iron haem proteins

Question 43

What is the role of cytochrome c

Answer 43

Transfer electrons from c1 to cytochrome c oxidase

Question 44

What are oxidises

Answer 44

Enzymes that use oxygen as an electron acceptor

Question 45

What ions are hard metals(acids)

Answer 45

``` Li+ Na+ K+ Mn2+ Al3+ VO^2+ ```

Question 46

What ions are soft metals (acids)

Answer 46

``` Ti+ Ag+ Cu+ Pb+ Pt+ Pd2+ ```

Question 47

What ions are hard ligands

Answer 47

``` F- Cl- Oh2 OR- Nh3 ```

Question 48

What ions are soft ligands

Answer 48

I- CN- SR- PR3