Andes and Incas Flashcards
1
Q
Formative period in the Andean region
A
2000 BC - 200 AD
2
Q
Classical Period for the Andes
A
200-1100 AD
3
Q
Post classical region for the Andes
A
1100-1532 AD
4
Q
Main food of the people from the Andes
A
Potato
Quinoa
Maize (Choclo)
5
Q
Which was a very important animal for the people of the Andes
A
Llama
6
Q
What did the llama provide
A
Wool
Milk
Meat
It was their “beast of burden”
7
Q
Main city of the Andean people
A
Chavin
8
Q
What else what Chavin called
A
The “mother culture”
9
Q
What was the time period of Chavin
A
2500+ BC - 300 AD
10
Q
What was the center of Chavin called, and what did it serve as
A
Chavin de Huantar
Ceremonial center
Pilgrimage center
11
Q
Where did priests get their power from
A
The jaguar
12
Q
Besides being priests, what else did they do
A
Astronomers
Experts in agriculture
Oracles
13
Q
Which was the main domesticated animals of the Andean people
A
Llama
14
Q
What was one of the most important hydraulic engineering achievements of the Andean people
A
Built canals
15
Q
What was the temple at Chavin called
A
The castle
16
Q
What things were on the walls at the castle
A
Heads made out of stone
17
Q
What was found in the plaza in front of the castle at Chavin?
A
The tello obelisk
18
Q
What was the raimondi stela and where was it found
A
A stele made with the God of staffs on it. It was found in a nearby hut of a peasant
19
Q
Where was the monolithic spear (el lanzon) found and what God could it have been a tribute to
A
In the temple
Guari
20
Q
What did the Andean people make very well out of clay
A
Stirrup spout vessel
21
Q
Time period of the paracas
A
700 BC - 200 AD
22
Q
Physical characteristic of the paracas people
A
Cranial deformation
23
Q
What was one of the most used medical procedures done in the paracas people
A
Trepanation
24
Q
Capital city of moche
A
Mochica
25
Time period of Moche
1-600 AD
26
Main metal found in moche
Copper
27
What were the two main temples in Moche called
Huaca of the sun
| Huaca of the moon
28
What were the huaca of the sun and moon made of
Adobe
29
Main God of the Moche people
Ai Apaec
30
What else was ai Apaec called
The decapitator
31
What were caballitos de totora
A water craft that people of the Moche rode on to fish
32
5 artistic phases of the Moche people
```
Common
Pictonic
Sculptural
Pathologic
Erotic
```
33
Tomb found in Moche that was extremely important find
Tomb of the lord of sipan
34
Time period of the nazca culture
200 BC - 700 AD
35
Main city of the nazca people
Cahuachi
36
What hydronic system did the nazca people create
Puquios
37
Cemetery of cauchilla
Had separate rooms where people were buried. Outdoors
38
Who found the nazca lines
Maria reiche
39
Time period of tiahuanaco-huari
1400 BC - 1100 AD
40
What was charqui and what was it sometimes used as
Jerky
| Currency
41
What is quipu
Instrument used to count and figure out different things or write down some things
42
How were quipus categorized
Color
43
What was puma punku
Site with amazing stone buildings
44
What was at the entrance of kalasasaya
The sun door
45
What God was on the sun door?
Showed a mix of the God of staffs and ai Apaec (maybe it was viracocha)
46
Time period of chimu
1300-1470 AD
47
Main city of chimu
Chan chan
48
Language in chimu
Quingnam
49
What were huachaques
Where the chimu people would get their water
50
Who conquered the chimu
The incas
51
Language of the incas
Quechua
52
Main 3 writers of the incas
Garcilaso de la vega
Felipe waman poma de ayala
Jose de acosta
53
Who was garcilasos dad
A Spanish noble
54
Who was garcilasos mom
An Incan princess
55
What was garcilasos ethnicity called
Mestizo
56
What did garcilaso write
Royal commentaries of the incas
57
What culture were both of felipe waman poma de Ayalas parents
Incan
58
What was Jose de Acosta a member of?
The Jesuits
59
Curacazgo Inca
Reign of the kingdom in Cuzco
60
Time period of curacazgo
1200-1438 AD
61
First Incan
Manco capac
62
Who was Manco capacs sister and what did they do
Mama ocllo
| Got married
63
Creator God of the incas
Viracocha
64
What did viracocha give Manco capac and what did he say to do with that object
A golden staff
| Take his people and hit the staff on the ground until it sinks. Where the staff sinks is where they are to stay
65
Where did the staff sink according to legend of Manco capac
Cuzco
66
How many sapa incas were there
12
67
Most famous Incan ruler
Pachacutec
68
Incan ruler that expanded the kingdom the most
Tupac
69
Incan ruler when the Spanish arrived
Huayna capac
70
What is the cause of death for huayna
Small pox
71
How many sons did huayna have
2
72
Since huayna knows he will die, what does he do with the kingdom
Splits it into two and gives half to each of his sons
73
What do the sons do after huayna dies
Fight for control of the whole kingdom
74
Who comes to conquer the incas right after their civil war
The Spanish
75
Years that pachacuec lived
1438-1471
76
Who did pachacutec conquer
Chancas
77
What did pachacutec start building during his rule
Machu Pichu
78
What language does pachacutec make the official language
Quechua
79
What temple does pachacutec build
The coricancha
80
What fortress does pachacutec build
Sacsayhuaman
81
Who were mitimaes
people who were conquered by the incas and placed in pro incan cities to become pro Incan
82
Who were the mita
Men chosen at random to work for the government for periods of time
83
What happened to the families of men chosen for the mita
They were supported by the government
84
Incan road system was called what
Capac ñan
85
What where the Incan messengers called
Chasquis
86
Who was the most important Incan God, and what was he God of
Inti
| God of the sun
87
What was inti raymi
Sun god festival
88
When is inti raymi done
Solstice
89
Main temple to the incas
Coricancha
90
Who was the coricancha dedicated to
Inti
91
What was the coricancha stones dismantled to do
Dismantled to build a Spanish church
92
What does Sacsayhuaman overlook
Cuzco
93
Where wa the inti raymi festival held
Sacsayhuaman
94
Mother culture of the Andes
Chavin
95
Who were "the olmecs" of the Andean region
The Chavin people
96
What did the tello obelisk resemble
A gator
97
Where is it thought that the Chavin people may have originated in and why
The Amazon because the tello obelisk resembled a gator, but there were no gators In the Chavin area
98
What were the use of conchs for the Chavin people
Play as horns for Ceremonies
99
How did the paracas people bury the dead
Position the corpses on fetal positions, put them in a basket, and cover them with burlap
100
How was northern Moche
More militaristic
101
How was southern Moche
More spiritual and artistic
102
Main God of the Moche
Ai Apaec
103
Who were the other people buried with the lord of sipan
People sacrificed to be with him in the after life. Wife was next to him.
104
What were the bricks marked with holes and patterns
Were made like that to identify which designer made a certain brick in case it was defective they knew who to blame
105
Who were the evolutions of the paracas
The nazca people
106
Capital of nazca
Cahuachi
107
What was charqui made of
Llama
108
How many stones made up the sun door
It was one giant stone
109
Most important town for the huari
Pachacamac
110
Theory of walls in chan chan
May have had gold panels on the outer walls
111
What is a curaca
A regional chieftain
112
How many Curacas were there and what did this mean
5. The land was divided into 5 kingdoms
113
Who does pachacutec defeat
Chancas
114
What language does pachacutec make the official language
Quechua
115
Sacred valley of the inca
Colca valley
116
How did Incan buildings survive earthquakes while Spanish buildings crumbled
Incan buildings were made of stone that were cut so exact that there would be no space at all between the stones.
117
What were the walls of the coricancha covered in, and what happened to these coverings
Gold
| The Spanish took the gold panels
118
Part above machu Pichu
Huayna Pichu
119
Who rediscovered machu Pichu
Hiram Bingham
120
Who helped Hiram discover machu Pichu
A little Incan boy
121
What does machu Pichu mean
Old mountain
122
What was the intihuatana
A famous sun dial. Served as a calendar that told the month where the sun struck the stone with light
123
Intipunku
The sun gate
124
What were aryballos
Greek style jugs that the Inca made
125
Instrument of stone to count
Yupana
