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Latin American History > Andes and Incas > Flashcards

Andes and Incas Flashcards

1
Q

Formative period in the Andean region

A

2000 BC - 200 AD

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2
Q

Classical Period for the Andes

A

200-1100 AD

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3
Q

Post classical region for the Andes

A

1100-1532 AD

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4
Q

Main food of the people from the Andes

A

Potato
Quinoa
Maize (Choclo)

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5
Q

Which was a very important animal for the people of the Andes

A

Llama

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6
Q

What did the llama provide

A

Wool
Milk
Meat
It was their “beast of burden”

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7
Q

Main city of the Andean people

A

Chavin

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8
Q

What else what Chavin called

A

The “mother culture”

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9
Q

What was the time period of Chavin

A

2500+ BC - 300 AD

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10
Q

What was the center of Chavin called, and what did it serve as

A

Chavin de Huantar
Ceremonial center
Pilgrimage center

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11
Q

Where did priests get their power from

A

The jaguar

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12
Q

Besides being priests, what else did they do

A

Astronomers
Experts in agriculture
Oracles

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13
Q

Which was the main domesticated animals of the Andean people

A

Llama

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14
Q

What was one of the most important hydraulic engineering achievements of the Andean people

A

Built canals

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15
Q

What was the temple at Chavin called

A

The castle

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16
Q

What things were on the walls at the castle

A

Heads made out of stone

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17
Q

What was found in the plaza in front of the castle at Chavin?

A

The tello obelisk

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18
Q

What was the raimondi stela and where was it found

A

A stele made with the God of staffs on it. It was found in a nearby hut of a peasant

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19
Q

Where was the monolithic spear (el lanzon) found and what God could it have been a tribute to

A

In the temple

Guari

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20
Q

What did the Andean people make very well out of clay

A

Stirrup spout vessel

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21
Q

Time period of the paracas

A

700 BC - 200 AD

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22
Q

Physical characteristic of the paracas people

A

Cranial deformation

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23
Q

What was one of the most used medical procedures done in the paracas people

A

Trepanation

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24
Q

Capital city of moche

A

Mochica

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25
Q

Time period of Moche

A

1-600 AD

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26
Q

Main metal found in moche

A

Copper

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27
Q

What were the two main temples in Moche called

A

Huaca of the sun

Huaca of the moon

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28
Q

What were the huaca of the sun and moon made of

A

Adobe

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29
Q

Main God of the Moche people

A

Ai Apaec

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30
Q

What else was ai Apaec called

A

The decapitator

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31
Q

What were caballitos de totora

A

A water craft that people of the Moche rode on to fish

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32
Q

5 artistic phases of the Moche people

A 
Common
Pictonic
Sculptural
Pathologic
Erotic
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33
Q

Tomb found in Moche that was extremely important find

A

Tomb of the lord of sipan

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34
Q

Time period of the nazca culture

A

200 BC - 700 AD

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35
Q

Main city of the nazca people

A

Cahuachi

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36
Q

What hydronic system did the nazca people create

A

Puquios

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37
Q

Cemetery of cauchilla

A

Had separate rooms where people were buried. Outdoors

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38
Q

Who found the nazca lines

A

Maria reiche

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39
Q

Time period of tiahuanaco-huari

A

1400 BC - 1100 AD

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40
Q

What was charqui and what was it sometimes used as

A

Jerky

Currency

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41
Q

What is quipu

A

Instrument used to count and figure out different things or write down some things

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42
Q

How were quipus categorized

A

Color

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43
Q

What was puma punku

A

Site with amazing stone buildings

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44
Q

What was at the entrance of kalasasaya

A

The sun door

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45
Q

What God was on the sun door?

A

Showed a mix of the God of staffs and ai Apaec (maybe it was viracocha)

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46
Q

Time period of chimu

A

1300-1470 AD

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47
Q

Main city of chimu

A

Chan chan

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48
Q

Language in chimu

A

Quingnam

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49
Q

What were huachaques

A

Where the chimu people would get their water

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50
Q

Who conquered the chimu

A

The incas

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51
Q

Language of the incas

A

Quechua

52
Q

Main 3 writers of the incas

A

Garcilaso de la vega
Felipe waman poma de ayala
Jose de acosta

53
Q

Who was garcilasos dad

A

A Spanish noble

54
Q

Who was garcilasos mom

A

An Incan princess

55
Q

What was garcilasos ethnicity called

A

Mestizo

56
Q

What did garcilaso write

A

Royal commentaries of the incas

57
Q

What culture were both of felipe waman poma de Ayalas parents

A

Incan

58
Q

What was Jose de Acosta a member of?

A

The Jesuits

59
Q

Curacazgo Inca

A

Reign of the kingdom in Cuzco

60
Q

Time period of curacazgo

A

1200-1438 AD

61
Q

First Incan

A

Manco capac

62
Q

Who was Manco capacs sister and what did they do

A

Mama ocllo

Got married

63
Q

Creator God of the incas

A

Viracocha

64
Q

What did viracocha give Manco capac and what did he say to do with that object

A

A golden staff

Take his people and hit the staff on the ground until it sinks. Where the staff sinks is where they are to stay

65
Q

Where did the staff sink according to legend of Manco capac

A

Cuzco

66
Q

How many sapa incas were there

A

12

67
Q

Most famous Incan ruler

A

Pachacutec

68
Q

Incan ruler that expanded the kingdom the most

A

Tupac

69
Q

Incan ruler when the Spanish arrived

A

Huayna capac

70
Q

What is the cause of death for huayna

A

Small pox

71
Q

How many sons did huayna have

A

2

72
Q

Since huayna knows he will die, what does he do with the kingdom

A

Splits it into two and gives half to each of his sons

73
Q

What do the sons do after huayna dies

A

Fight for control of the whole kingdom

74
Q

Who comes to conquer the incas right after their civil war

A

The Spanish

75
Q

Years that pachacuec lived

A

1438-1471

76
Q

Who did pachacutec conquer

A

Chancas

77
Q

What did pachacutec start building during his rule

A

Machu Pichu

78
Q

What language does pachacutec make the official language

A

Quechua

79
Q

What temple does pachacutec build

A

The coricancha

80
Q

What fortress does pachacutec build

A

Sacsayhuaman

81
Q

Who were mitimaes

A

people who were conquered by the incas and placed in pro incan cities to become pro Incan

82
Q

Who were the mita

A

Men chosen at random to work for the government for periods of time

83
Q

What happened to the families of men chosen for the mita

A

They were supported by the government

84
Q

Incan road system was called what

A

Capac ñan

85
Q

What where the Incan messengers called

A

Chasquis

86
Q

Who was the most important Incan God, and what was he God of

A

Inti

God of the sun

87
Q

What was inti raymi

A

Sun god festival

88
Q

When is inti raymi done

A

Solstice

89
Q

Main temple to the incas

A

Coricancha

90
Q

Who was the coricancha dedicated to

A

Inti

91
Q

What was the coricancha stones dismantled to do

A

Dismantled to build a Spanish church

92
Q

What does Sacsayhuaman overlook

A

Cuzco

93
Q

Where wa the inti raymi festival held

A

Sacsayhuaman

94
Q

Mother culture of the Andes

A

Chavin

95
Q

Who were “the olmecs” of the Andean region

A

The Chavin people

96
Q

What did the tello obelisk resemble

A

A gator

97
Q

Where is it thought that the Chavin people may have originated in and why

A

The Amazon because the tello obelisk resembled a gator, but there were no gators In the Chavin area

98
Q

What were the use of conchs for the Chavin people

A

Play as horns for Ceremonies

99
Q

How did the paracas people bury the dead

A

Position the corpses on fetal positions, put them in a basket, and cover them with burlap

100
Q

How was northern Moche

A

More militaristic

101
Q

How was southern Moche

A

More spiritual and artistic

102
Q

Main God of the Moche

A

Ai Apaec

103
Q

Who were the other people buried with the lord of sipan

A

People sacrificed to be with him in the after life. Wife was next to him.

104
Q

What were the bricks marked with holes and patterns

A

Were made like that to identify which designer made a certain brick in case it was defective they knew who to blame

105
Q

Who were the evolutions of the paracas

A

The nazca people

106
Q

Capital of nazca

A

Cahuachi

107
Q

What was charqui made of

A

Llama

108
Q

How many stones made up the sun door

A

It was one giant stone

109
Q

Most important town for the huari

A

Pachacamac

110
Q

Theory of walls in chan chan

A

May have had gold panels on the outer walls

111
Q

What is a curaca

A

A regional chieftain

112
Q

How many Curacas were there and what did this mean

A
  1. The land was divided into 5 kingdoms
113
Q

Who does pachacutec defeat

A

Chancas

114
Q

What language does pachacutec make the official language

A

Quechua

115
Q

Sacred valley of the inca

A

Colca valley

116
Q

How did Incan buildings survive earthquakes while Spanish buildings crumbled

A

Incan buildings were made of stone that were cut so exact that there would be no space at all between the stones.

117
Q

What were the walls of the coricancha covered in, and what happened to these coverings

A

Gold

The Spanish took the gold panels

118
Q

Part above machu Pichu

A

Huayna Pichu

119
Q

Who rediscovered machu Pichu

A

Hiram Bingham

120
Q

Who helped Hiram discover machu Pichu

A

A little Incan boy

121
Q

What does machu Pichu mean

A

Old mountain

122
Q

What was the intihuatana

A

A famous sun dial. Served as a calendar that told the month where the sun struck the stone with light

123
Q

Intipunku

A

The sun gate

124
Q

What were aryballos

A

Greek style jugs that the Inca made

125
Q

Instrument of stone to count

A

Yupana

Latin American History (7 decks)

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