Ancient Rome and Medieval Period Flashcards
Monophony
a single melodic line without harmony
What happened in 313 and who was emperor?
Christianity was legalized and Constantine was emperor
What happened in the year 379-380 and who was emperor?
Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire and Theodosius was emperor
What happened in the year 476 and what precipitated the culminating event?
476 was the fall of Rome, this was caused by the invasion of the Huns pushing up against the Germanic Tribes who then attacked and conquered major portions of the Roman Empire
Role of music and how it was performed in the early church
Music was a servant of religion; instrumental music was condemned, only unaccompanied singing was allowed
Pope Gregory
There is no evidence that Pope Gregory played any role in composing chants. The english revered Gregory as the founder of the church, development of chant repertory attributed to him (Gregorian chant)
Syllabic
A styles of singing in which each syllable of text has only one or two notes; the opposite of melismatic singing
Melismatic
many notes to just one syllable
Religious music
anything that has been written as devotional to any given faith
Secular
music that is not religious in nature and is connected with worldly affairs
Key power structures
The catholic church, Monks and Nuns (religious music), Religious music was supported by the church.
4 characteristics of Gregorian chant
1) The music is religious
2) the text is in latin
3) the chants start and end on the same note
4) the chants are monophonic
Hildegaard von Bingen
1) Experienced visions as a child
2) became a benedictine nun at the age of 15
3) theologians confirmed her visions
4 main composers from the medieval period
Anonymous, Hildegard Von Bingen, Perotinus, Guillaume de Machaut
The year construction began on Notre Dame
1163
Where did Perotinus work?
Notre Dame
Where did Guillaume de Machaut work?
Reim Cathedral
What does SATB stand for
Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass
5 parts of the Ordinary of the mass (Latin)
1) Kyrie Elesion
2) Gloria
3) Credo
4) Agnus Dei
5) Sanctus
5 parts of the Ordinary of the mass (English)
1) Lord have mercy
2) Glory to god
3) I believe
4) Holy, holy, holy
5) Lamb of god
What was the Aberfan Disaster
In the 1960s an avalanche of tipped coal mixed with water slid down a hill in Aberfan and wiped out everything in its path. 144 people were killed.
Where did it occur?
Whales, UK
Who did it affect?
The whole town
Name of the composer who wrote the Lament for the Valley as a memorial for the victims.
Karl Jenkins
Which part of the Ordinary of the Mass does the composer use in the Lament for the Valley
Agnus Dei
Why did Karl Jenkins use a children’s choir for this memorial
Because mostly children were killed in this disaster
