Ancient Reading: Greek Flashcards
Ancient literature (___________________) is often closely related to religion and the presence of the Greeks and the Greek gods even had a major influence on the development of Christianity (Le Roux, 2007)
c. 3000 BC – AD 500
is often closely related to religion and the presence of the Greeks and the Greek gods even had a major influence on the development of Christianity (Le Roux, 2007)
Ancient literature
provides the foundation for all of Western literature
Ancient Greek literature
the presence of the Greeks and the Greek gods even had a major influence on the development of __________________
Christianity
the Greeks formed the ______________________ to create complex literature.
first major European civilization
has influenced not only its Roman neighbors to the west, but also countless generations across the European continent; it even continues to influence us today in many ways.
Greek literature
are responsible for the introduction of genres such as poetry, tragedy, comedy, and western philosophy to the world.
Greek writers
Moreover, Greek writers are responsible for the introduction of genres such as ___________________________________ to the world.
poetry, tragedy, comedy, and western philosophy
have become a stable part of oral tradition not only in Classical Greece, but also around the world where they are translated and re-translated, adapted to certain cultures, and used in numerous socio-political circumstances
Aesop’s fables
The first official compilation of Aesop’s work was done by _____________________, in the __________________, and was compiled to be used by orators who would narrate them to the people.
Demetrius of Phalerum; 4th century BC
More than _____ animal fables have been attributed to Aesop and many versions have been published as faithful retellings of the ancient morality tales or as more modern adaptations. Clearly, the fables of Aesop have had an enduring influence on children’s literature.
600
Most of the characters in his fables are animals, some of which take on human characteristic and are personified in ways of speech and emotions. However, the majority of his character retain their animalistic qualities; tortoise are slow, hares are quick, tigers eat bird, etc. Aesop uses these qualities and natural tendencies of animals to focus on __________________________________
human traits and wisdom.
Greek historian _________________ claimed that Aesop (c. 620-560 BC) was a slave first by fate.
Herodotus
Greek historian Herodotus claimed that Aesop (c. 620-560 BC) was a __________ first by fate. Although remarkably intelligent, resourceful, and pious, he was hideously ________ so that he is frequently compared to animals in terms of his appearance, and so ________________ but his speech impediment was said to be healed by a ____________.
slave; ugly; slow of speech; deity
As a slave, he worked for ______________ on ________________ and later for ____________ who gave him freedom because he was such a skilled storyteller (Herodotus, Waterfield & De-wald, 1998). Aesop reportedly traveled to _____________ and, through his wit and intelligence, became an advisor to ____________________, the King of Lydia, a country in western Asia Minor, who sent him on a diplomatic tour of the Greece. At Corinth, it was reported that he recited ________________________________ with the moral, __________________________________
Xanthus ; Isle of Samos; Iadmon; Asia Minor; King Croesus; “The Frogs Who Desired a King”; “Better no rule than cruel rule”.
Many have come across Aesop’s fables, also known as the _______________, in their childhood and enjoyed the wittiness and the morals, even if they didn’t realize them at the time
Aesopica
two of the most discussed fables by Aesop
Boy Who Cried Wolf
The Miser and his Gold
are regarded as the first great texts on political and moral theory
Plato’s The Republic (c. 375 BCE)
it is considered by many as Plato’s masterwork
Plato’s The Republic (c. 375 BCE)
Plato (born _______________, Athens, Greece—died ____________, Athens)
428/427 BCE; 348/347
is an ancient Greek philosopher, student of Socrates (c. 470–399 BCE), teacher of Aristotle (384–322 BCE), and founder of the Academy, the ultimate ancestor of the modern university (hence the English term academic), best known as the author of philosophical works of unparalleled influence.
Plato
In the words of __________________, “The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato.
Alfred North Whitehead
Plato was born to __________, an Athenian aristocrat who traced his lineage to Codrus, the king of Athens, and to _______________, the king of Messina. The family of his mother, ______________, boasted a relationship with the great Athenian legislator, __________. ________________ also reports that the philosopher’s name was ______________, for his grandfather, but that his wrestling coach dubbed him “__________,” meaning “_________,” either on account of his robust physique, or the width of his forehead, or eloquence of his speech.
Ariston; Melanthus; Perictione; Solon; Diogenes Laertius; Aristocles; Platon; broad
is one of the most famous passages in the history of Western philosophy. It is a short excerpt from the beginning of book seven of Plato’s book, The Republic.
Allegory of the Cave
______________ is the main character in The Republic, and he tells the allegory of the cave to _____________, who is one of _____________’s brothers.
Socrates; Glaucon; Plato
Plato tells the allegory in the context of _________________
education
one of the first themes you come across while reading the Allegory of the Cave is
ignorance and how it affects people
The chains binding them to the cave could merely be interpreted as a metaphor for _____________.
ignorance
Also, the theme of _________________ is a constant in the Allegory of the Cave, from refusing it, to being enlightened
Enlightenment
The key life lesson from Plato’s Allegory of the Cave is
to question every assumption you have about the reality you call “real.”
Herodotus reported that the people of _______________ in Greece took offense with his fables, and threw him from a ________
Delphi; cliff
The republic is divided into how many books?
10 books
The Republic was written how amny years ago?
2400 years ago
