Ancient Near East Flashcards
What are the 4 Sub Periods?
- Sumerian
- Babylonia
- Assyria
- Persia
What was the key theme of Ancient Near East arts
Power
Where were most arts of Ancient Near East found
Iran and Iraq
What is ziggurat
A pyramid like temple
What is ziggurat
A pyramid like temple
What is Hierarchical scale
A system of representation that expresses a persons importance by the size of his or her representation in a work of art
Stele
A stone slab used to mark a grave or site
Lamassu
A colossal winged human-headed bull in Assyrian Art
Registers
Horizontal bands that tell a story
Cuneiform
First system of writing
Citadel
A walled fortress
What are 4 of the Ancient Near East innovations?
- The wheel
- The first writing
- First organized government
- Gilgamesh : Epic Poem
What is polytheism
The belief in multiple gods.
Who was constantly at war with one another?
City-states
What is the medium for Victory Stele of Naram - sin ?
Sandstone
What were the functions of Victory Stele of Naram - sin?
- To record Naram - Sin victories
- Defies the Ruler
What was the technique used in Victory Stele of Naram - sin?
Hierarchy of Scale
What was the time period of White Temple and its Ziggurat?
Sumerian
What was the medium for White Temple and its Ziggurat?
Mud - brick
What was the technique used in White Temple and its Ziggurat?
Ziggurat
Who was the patron for White Temple and its Ziggurat?
The King
What were the functions for White Temple and its Ziggurat?
Bridge between Earth and the heaven, where the Gods resides
What religion did Ancient Near East follow?
Polytheistic
What were the kings seen as?
Disciples of the Gods
What were the eyes of the people seen as?
The eyes were seen as a window into that person’s soul
What time period was Sumerian Votive Statues in?
Sumerian
What was the medium for Sumerian Votive Statues?
Limestone
What was the techniques used for Sumerian Votive Statues?
Hierarchy of Scale
Who were the patrons of Sumerian Votive Statues?
Private citizens
What was the function of Sumerian Votive Statues?
Used as a place holder for praying, went under the ziggurats, facing a god statue
What was the style used in Sumerian Votive Statues?
Stylized
What was the time period for Standard of Ur?
Sumerian
What was the technique used for Standard of Ur?
Registers
Who was the patron for Standard of Ur?
The King
What was the function of Standard of Ur?
- Box carried into war
- Depicts the victory of the battle and its celebration
- Each side had war time and the showing peace
What was the material used Standard of Ur?
- Lapis Lazuli
- Shells
- Red Limestone
What was the importance of Standard of Ur?
Demonstrates that there were extensive trading routes between distant regions.
What time period was the Code of Hammurabi?
Babylonia
What was the medium for Code of Hammurabi?
Basalts / meant to last a long time
Who was the patron for Code of Hammurabi?
Hammurabi
What was the functions of Code of Hammurabi?
- First combination / codification of laws
- Links to God
What were the techniques used for Code of Hammurabi?
- Relief
- Hierachy Of Scale
What was the time period for Lamassu?
Assyrian
What was the medium for Lamassu ?
Limestone
Who was the patron for Lamassu ?
The king
What was the function of the Lamassu ?
- Protection for King
- Scare off intruders
Where was the Lamassu located?
In front of the palace
What was the time period of the Palace of Persepolis?
Persian
Who were the patrons of Palace of Persepolis?
Darius I and Xerxes I
What was the function of the Palace of Persepolis
Audience hall
Why were temples above ziggurats
Temples were always above ziggurats to look more intimidating and closer to gods
