Ancient history

Question 1

____ (5000 BC) One of the earliest civilizations, resided in ____, which is now known as southern Iraq

Answer 1

Sumerians, Mesopotamia

Question 2

Were one of the first to document diseases and treatments, and their medical texts included references to dental problems and solutions

Answer 2

Sumerians

Question 3

_____ one of the most notables aspects of Sumerian dentistry, as the cause of dental decay, a concept that was observed in ancient India, Egypt, Japan and China. Also used ___ to pick and clean teeth

Answer 3

Tooth worm, rudimentary tools

Question 4

Mesopotamia, located in ___ was home to ancient civilizations including the ___, ___, and ___.

Answer 4

Mediterranean region, Sumerians, Babylonians, and Assyrians

Question 5

In Mesopotamia, diseases were often attributed to ___ and ___

Answer 5

Pre-existing spirits and Gods

Question 6

known as cavities today, was believed to be caused by tooth worms, a concept that appeared in Sumerian texts as early as 5000 BC.

Answer 6

Tooth Decay

Question 7

There were two primary types of doctors throughout Mesopotamia’s history:

the ___ (a medical doctor who treated illness or injury empirically)
the ___ (a healer who relied upon what one would call ‘magic’)

Answer 7

Asu, Asipu

Question 8

in Mesopotamia was maintained through a combination of ___ and ___, and the same was also true of dental health specifically. The surviving records lay out hundreds of recipes and recommendations written by ____, ____ and ___ physicians.

Answer 8

Medicine, Magic
Akkadian, Babylonian, and Assyrian

Question 9

One of the physicians provides us with one of the first recorded recommendations of a gum massage to treat ___

Answer 9

Gingivitis

Question 10

If a man’s teeth are all loose and decay sets in… thou shalt rub… on his teeth until ____ comes out, and he shall recover.

Answer 10

Blood

Question 11

Another tablet gives us a method to dispel “____” (possibly referring to inflammation):

If a man’s mouth has ____, with ___, ___, ___ he shall cleanse his mouth and drink them in ___and shall recover.

Answer 11

Mouth-trouble, gall-apples, ammi, mustard, kurunnu-beer

Question 12

Archaeological searches have revealed _____ made of gold, silver, and bronze, sometimes found as part of vanity kits.

Answer 12

Toothpicks

Question 13

were used 9000 years ago. Drilling into the tooth to address decay and prevent cavity from growing any bigger (Indus Valley Civilization)

Answer 13

Bow drills

Question 14

Archaeologists studied the ____ between modern-day India and Pakistan

Answer 14

ancient Indus civilization

Question 15

A ____ period graveyard in Pakistan where at least___ early humans showed evidence of having dental procedures performed on their teeth using a ____

Answer 15

Neolithic, 9, flint tipped wooden bow drill.

Question 16

The ____ were interested in systemic diseases and their connection to oral manifestations. They recognized that prior to the development of ____ and ____would appear in a person’s oral cavity. (Ancient China)

Answer 16

Chinese, measles, white spots

Question 17

Another significant area of study among Chinese surgeons in Chinese history of dentistry was

Answer 17

Oral Surgery

Question 18

____ was first described in the Nei Ching (____). The technique used today remains essentially unchanged: ____, ____, and ___ of the tongue is all carefully noted as an aid to diagnosis.

Answer 18

Tongue examination, Canon of Medicine, color, coating, and moistness

Question 19

A.D. 25-220
_____ ( a great diagnostician), in his commentary on the Nan Ching described the whitish spots in the mouth that are the premonitory symptom of measles.

Answer 19

Hua Shou

Question 20

Around 2700 BC ancient Chinese started using ____ to treat pain associated with tooth decay.

Answer 20

Acupunctur

Question 21

not all __ puncture points were located around the mouth and teeth

Answer 21

26

Question 22

The great ____ depicts a country doctor cauterizing a patient’s arm by burning it with the powdered leaves of an ____. The treatment is called ____ that is widely used along with acupuncture for treatment such as relieving toothache

Answer 22

Sung landscapist Li T’ang, aromatic plant, Moxibustion

Question 23

were performed as early as 6000 BC when the first signs of adornment with human teeth were described.

Answer 23

Rudimentary dental extractions

Question 24

Doctors in ancient China treated toothaches with ____ about A.D. 1000. They are also noted for their development of using ____ for filling teeth. The Chinese were particularly advanced in their observation of the oral cavity.

Answer 24

arsenic, silver amalgam

Question 25

The composition of earliest dental amalgam was published during the Ming dynasty and in a text written by ___ in 1505.

Answer 25

Liu Wentai

Question 26

The earliest recorded dental practitioner, an ancient Egyptian who lived around 2600 B.C

Answer 26

Hesy - Re

Question 27

Upon his death, the words “The Greatest of Those who Deal with Teeth, and of Physicians” were inscribed on his tombstone

Answer 27

Hesy - Re

Question 28

The world’s oldest-known recipe for toothpaste comes from

Answer 28

Ancient Egypt

Question 29

The ancient Greeks had ____/____ who performed medical duties and combined their knowledge of healing with their religious beliefs. Often times their approach to dental care involved simply praying to the gods and hoping for the best.

Answer 29

priest/physicans

Question 30

skilled in surgery, often performed tooth extractions.

Answer 30

Barbers

Question 31

____ First to separate medicine from religion. Compiled _____ which is a Comprehensive collection of medical observations and techniques.

Answer 31

Hippocrates, Corpus Hippocraticum

Question 32

Early example of medical ethics, still in use today.

Answer 32

Hippocratic Oath

Question 33

* Observed the eruption pattern of teeth. * Treatments for decayed teeth and gum disease. * Techniques for extracting teeth with forceps. * Use of wires to stabilize loose teeth and fractured jaws.

Answer 33

Hippocrates

Question 34

Made significant contributions to the medical field. Studied teeth in his comparative anatomy work. Advanced understanding of dental diseases, attributing dental caries to sweet foods like figs.

Answer 34

Aristotle

Question 35

he mistakenly stated that men has __ teeth and women had only ___ . from this came the use of the term ___ which only men supposedly had.

Answer 35

Aristotle, 32, 30, wisdom teeth

Question 36

A ____ found from around 2,100 years ago in Egypt had severe dental problems. Likely died from a sinus infection due to painful cavities.

Answer 36

Mummy

Question 37

Mummified after death: organs removed, body wrapped in resin and the ____, suggesting elite status.

Answer 37

Heart left inside

Question 38

Belonged to a wealthy young man from Thebes, ruled by Greek kings at the time.

Answer 38

Mummy

Question 39

_____ often performed by skilled individuals like ___, utilized simple tools like ___ to remove decayed or painful teeth.

Answer 39

Tooth extractions, barbers, forceps

Question 40

Herbal remedies, such as ___, ___, and ___ were employed by Greeks for pain relief and to treat dental infections due to their antibacterial properties.

Answer 40

myrrh, sage, and mint

Question 41

Hygiene practices among Greeks involved rinsing the mouth with water or herbal solutions and potentially using ___.

Answer 41

twigs

Question 42

____ and ____ techniques, documented by Hippocrates, utilized wires or other materials to stabilize loose teeth or fractured jaws.

Answer 42

Splinting, stabilization

Question 43

Other dental equipments:

Answer 43

Ancient greco prosthesis, forceps, crude metal bands (gold)

Question 44

were a group of agricultural people who evolved into an urban population of craftsmen, traders, and navigators who lived in a network of cities and dominated the area of the Mediterranean around Italy in the 8th and 9th centuries BC.

Answer 44

Etruscans

Question 45

The origins of the Etruscans are lost in prehistory, but the main hypotheses are that they are indigenous, probably stemming from the _____, or that they are the result of invasion from the north or the ____

Answer 45

Villanovan culture, Near East

Question 46

____ and ____teeth were used as artificial teeth and held in place by ____. Performed around 700 B.C this is the first time in history a form of prosthetics was ever used in the mouth and would be the only use for many years.

Answer 46

Human, Animal, gold bands

Question 47

The ____ were remarkable because they used gold bands which were soldered into rings instead of the gold wires which are seen in other cultures (Egyptians, Phoenicians) of the same time

Answer 47

Etruscan prostheses

Question 48

480 b.c. When ___ begins, dentistry was probably practiced before medicine._____ , containing the earliest record of dentistry in ancient rome, and permission to bury the dead with gold dental work with “which the teeth may be bound together.”

Answer 48

roman period, roman laws of the twelve tables

Question 49

a roman medical writer , in his writings referred to the disease that affect the soft parts of the mouth and their treatment.

Answer 49

Cornelius Celsius

Question 50

he writes extensively in his important compendium of medicine on oral hygiene, stabilization of loose teeth, and treatments for toothache, and jaw fractures.

Answer 50

Cornelius Celsius

Question 51

“the prince of physicians” was the earliest to mention the nerves of teeth in removing the carious defect.

Answer 51

Galen

Question 52

they used ____ as toothbrushes and ____ as toothpaste. Some ingredients used in the powders included ashes, seashells, eggshells, pumice, and hooves.

Answer 52

frayed sticks, abrasive powders

Question 53

Ancient Roman doctors performed tooth extractions using ____.

Answer 53

forceps

Question 54

Dentures were crafted from ____, ___, and ___.

Answer 54

boxwood, bone and ivory

Question 55

was used in dental procedures, as mentioned in the Twelve Tables of Roman legislation.

Answer 55

Gold

Question 56

____ and ____ were developed around 500 BCE, often made from ivory or bone.

Answer 56

Dental crowns and bridges

Question 57

____ were attributed to____ or ____ treated by ____, covering them in a mixture of mead and honey, and medicating the tooth.

Answer 57

Loose teeth, gum disease or root weakness, cauterizing gums

Question 58

______ oral surgical tools included the dental drill, chisels, bone levers, tooth and stump forceps.

Answer 58

Ancient Rome

Question 59

often referred to as a "sorcerer," diagnosed ailments and used charms and spells to entice or drive out the spirits causing the disease.

Answer 59

Asipu

Question 60

a specialist in herbal remedies, provided empirical applications of medication

Answer 60

Asu