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World history 9 > Ancient Greece > Flashcards

Ancient Greece Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the impact of the Greek geography?

A

Rugged terrain led to the development of many different independent city-states

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2
Q

What was the result of the isolation of the city states?

A

Each had their own culture and prevented unification

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3
Q

What kind of trade did Greece have?

A

sea farers, traded with surrounding areas since they have limited agricultural resources (soil was poor)

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4
Q

Who were the first to speak greek

A

Mycenae

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5
Q

Who are the Mycenae

A

arose after the defeat of the minoans

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6
Q

Who was Homer

A

wrote great stories about heroes and wars (Iliad and Odyssey)

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7
Q

What was greek heroism

A

the willingness to fight and protect your family/firneds and to preserve honor for yourself and family

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8
Q

Who were the main olympians

A

zeus- heavens
poseidon- sea
hades- underworld

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9
Q

what was the purpose of mythology

A
  • promote virtues
  • prevent foolish behaviour
  • explain nature
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10
Q

Where did the city states come from

A

greeks became overcrowded and began to spread out and started new colonies

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11
Q

what is a polis

A

a greek city state

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12
Q

what is a acropolis

A

upper part of the city where the temples and public building were located

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13
Q

what is an agora

A

open air market place

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14
Q

What effect did the climate of greece have

A

allowed for people to be outdoors and have an active part in commerce and politics

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15
Q

What are hoplites

A

foot soldiers

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16
Q

what is a phalanx

A

hoplite battle unit

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17
Q

What happened when trade increased

A

greece went from a barter economy to a money economy with coins

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18
Q

What was the patron god of sparta

A

ares -war

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19
Q

How did sparta expand

A

took over neighbors and made them slaves

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20
Q

What were the people captured by spartans

A

helots

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21
Q

at what age did a boy start his military training

A

7

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22
Q

What was the spartan government

A

oligarchy , ephors and kings were elected each year and ephors kept order while the kings were leading armies

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23
Q

What was the council of elders

A

law making body of sparta

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24
Q

What was athens government

A

monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, democracy

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25
Q

who was draco

A

codified laws of athens

26
Q

who was solon

A

cancelled debts for the poor and ended debt slavery

27
Q

who was the athenian assembly

A

passed laws after free and open debate

28
Q

what was the athenian economy based on

A

agriculture and trade

29
Q

What was the battle of marathon

A 
persian empire took over Ionia,
ionians revolted with help of athens
darius became very angry and vowed to seek revenge
greeks won battle of marathon to darius,
unified city states
30
Q

what was the battle of thermopylae

A

persian army invaded but spartan bravery allowed for extra time for the athenians to escape
burned athens
persia won

31
Q

what was the battle of salamis

A

athenians moved to an island salamis

large persian ships could not maneuver in the waters and strong athenian navy destroyed them

32
Q

what was platea

A

final battle of the persian wars

greeks won

33
Q

what was the delian league

A

asserted power and built athenian empire

34
Q

who was pericles

A

brought a golden age in athens and believed hat all male citizens should take part in gov and made participation in gov accessible

35
Q

What was the peloponnesian war

A

greeks resented athenian domination so sparta created the pelponnesian league
athens had a serious geographical disadvantage (sparta inland and navy couldnt do anything, plague killed a third of the population, and internal struggles)
ended athenian greatness
greece was left vulnerable

36
Q

who was the father of alexander

A

philip who was king of macedonia

37
Q

who is philip

A

conquered greek city states and united them

38
Q

who was alexander the great

A

kind of macedonia who was proclaimed a pharaoh (son of zeus)
founded alexandria
expanded empire all the way to the indus river
adopted many customs and spread greek culture
great military leader

39
Q

what were the two areas of greek theatre

A

comedy and tragedy

40
Q

who was aeschylus

A

greek playwright whose tragedies are the first known plays

41
Q

who is sophocles

A

greek tragic playwright

most famous play is oedipus the king

42
Q

wgi us arustiogabes

A

considered the father of comedy, wrote the frogs which used satire

43
Q

what is philosophy

A

an organized system of thought

44
Q

who is a philosopher

A

lover of wisdom

45
Q

what is a sophist

A

group of traveling teachers

46
Q

who was socrates

A

encouraged people to examine their own beliefs and idea
socratic method
was put on trial for corrupting the city’s youth and failed to respect the gods

47
Q

who was plato

A

student of socrates
established the academy
emphasized the importance of reason
wrote the republic (ideal state)

48
Q

who was aristotle

A

student of plato
believed that reason should be the guiding force for learning
established the lyceum
tutor of alexander the great

49
Q

who was herodotus

A

father of history

50
Q

who was thucydides

A

wrote first work of scientific history

51
Q

what was greek sculpture like

A

emphasized that everything should look perfect

52
Q

who was phidias

A

started the idealized style of sculpture

designed parthenon

53
Q

greek columns

A

doric, ionic, corinthian

54
Q

what was hellinistic sculpture

A

emphasized realism

55
Q

who was euclid

A

father of geometry

56
Q

who was pythagoras

A

pythagorean theorem

57
Q

who was hippocrates

A

father of medicine

58
Q

who was archimedes

A

greatest scientist and mathematician of ancient greece

discovered volume, area, levers, and pulleys

59
Q

what was epicureanism

A

eat, drink and be merry philosophy

60
Q

what was stoicism

A

teaches self control, fortitude, and detachment from distracting emotions

World history 9 (6 decks)

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