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Social Studies > Ancient Greece > Flashcards

Ancient Greece Flashcards

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0
Q

What does Greek mythology explain

A

Explain the origin, the universe, and nature. The stories told how cities and traditions arose

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1
Q

Greece’s Geography Setting

A
  • Peninsula made up of peninsulas
  • No part of Greece is far from the sea
  • very rocky & mountainous
  • Small patches of farmland, only 20% is arable
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2
Q

The Trojan war

A

The story of great battles, plots and schemes, loyalty and betrayal.

  • fought over Helen
  • ten years
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3
Q

What are the two epic poems that told the story of the Trojan war

A

The Iliad and Odyssey

-both written by Homer

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4
Q

Dark ages of Greece

A

1100 BC to 750 BC

-Greek civilization collapsed

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5
Q

Acropolis

A

High city

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6
Q

Greek city states

A
  • Villagers begin to join together at the front of and Acropolis
  • each of these cities that form began their own traditions and government
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7
Q

Forms of ruling the Greek city states

A

Started with Kings as rulers but as time passed aristocratic families took over. As wealth and cities grew they were often overthrown by tyrants, Who seized power by force

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8
Q

Why did Greek democracy start

A

Tyrants became too harsh so democracies began to develop.

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9
Q

Solon

A

Known for his fairness, begin to reform the economy and government of Athens

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10
Q

What did Solon pass

A

He canceled all debts and freed all citizens

-allowed all male citizens over 18 to debate all of the laws and self govern

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11
Q

What was the percentage of Greek citizens and Greece

A

One fifth of Athens population was citizens

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12
Q

Golden age of Athens

A

479 BC to 431 BC

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13
Q

Pericles

A

The most powerful man in athenian politics at this time

Was a member of an aristocratic family but strongly supported democracy

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14
Q

Arts and architecture

A

Pericles decided to rebuild the Acropolis and create new buildings to glorify the city

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15
Q

Parthenon

A

the most greatest Athenian architectural achievement

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16
Q

Greek philosophers

A

Phosphors believe that people could use the power of the mind and reason to understand natural events

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17
Q

Socrates

A

Ask many questions In the Athenian marketplace

  • often this angered many people
  • “know thyself”
  • was condemned to death for his teachings
  • but drink hemlock and calmly died before
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18
Q

Great drama

A

Athenians were the first people to write dramas or plays
Two types of Greek dramas
-tragedy
-Comedy

19
Q

Tragedy

A

A serious story that usually ends in disaster for the main character

20
Q

Comedy

A

Made fun of well-known citizens and politicians as well as made jokes about customs of the day

21
Q

Agora

A

Public market meeting place

  • men went and talked of politics and philosophy
  • streets were lined with shops, temples and government buildings
22
Q

Acropolis

A

Religious life is centered around the Acropolis

23
Q

Slavery

A

Slaves did an abundance of work throughout the city State of Greece

  • helped with daily work
  • Dug silver mines
  • built buildings and farmed
24
Q

Woman in Athens

A

Spent most of their days at home

  • experience none of the freedom of men
  • no part in politics, cannot vote, couldn’t own property
25
Q

Sparta

A

Life was cruel and extremely harsh

  • Wars turn Sparta to militaristic state
  • conquered all of the surrounding lands
  • Conquered people were called helots
  • treated very harshly
26
Q

Growing up in Sparta

A

The life of every Spartan was in the hands of the government from birth

  • only the healthiest children raised
  • at the age of seven males left to live in the barracks
  • Train for the next 13 years
  • lived in harsh conditions and learn to bear paid, hardships and punishment in silence
27
Q

Spartan women

A

Train and wrestling and Spear throwing

  • this would allow them to have strong healthy children
  • enjoyed a better life than athenian women
  • could on land, take part in some business
28
Q

The Persian invade

A

And 490 BC versions landed on Greece itself that huge force of thousands of soldiers
After several battles the Persians were defeated by the Athenians
Athens joined with Greek city states the cities became more like subjects than allies

29
Q

Peloponnesian war

A

Aspens began to abuse its power and act unfairly toward other city states

  • The city states went to sparta for help
  • this result was a 27 year war between Sparta and Athens
30
Q

The fall of Athens

A

Plague struck Athens during the war in five years over 1/3 of their population had died

  • spartans use a blockade to finish up the starving and beaten Athenians
  • they surrendered in 404 BC
  • Athens went from its golden age to its demise in less than 75 years
31
Q

Macedonia

A

Macedonia lay just north of Greece

  • citizens of Sparta and Greece did not truly except the Macedonians as equals or as Greeks
    - wild uncivilized people
32
Q

King Philip of Macedonia

A

Seized power in 359 BC

  • United Macedonia and built an army stronger than Sparta
  • by 338 BC he controlled all of Greece
  • Philip was the father of Alexander
  • was assassinated at his daughters wedding
33
Q

Alexander

A

Was a fine and eager student

  • thought of himself as Greek and even spoke the language
  • Aristotle tutored Alexander
  • his role model was Achilles
  • became king in 336 BC at the age of 20
34
Q

Conquered lands of Alexander

A

It took 11 years but he conquered Persia and eject as well as lanes beyond the Indus to the east

  • is energy and military genius work key
  • he drove himself and his armies very hard
35
Q

The Hellenistic kingdoms

A

He did not destroy the cultures he conquered, instead he helped to mix them with Greek cultures

  • unfortunately every day life resemble that of Greece
    - Greek was the language and the Greeks had the most important job
36
Q

How did people pass on Greek stories and traditions in the dark ages

A

Orally

36
Q

Where did the Greeks settle during the dark ages

A

In areas is called Acropolis

37
Q

How did Greece become rich during the Golden age

A

From trade, silver mining and tribute

38
Q

What did the Greeks study during the Golden age

A

They studied the arts, literature and philosophy

39
Q

What was the Parthenon made of

A

Fine marble

40
Q

What was in the center of the Parthenon

A

A 40 foot statue honoring Athena

41
Q

What were on all four sides of the parthenon

A

Rows of columns on all four sides

42
Q

What were the gods and goddesses called that the greeks worshipped

A

The twelve Olympians

43
Q

What did the Greeks believe about the gods

A

Each ruled a different area of life

  • the cause of all natural events
  • Took on human form
  • were perfect had awesome power
  • immortal
44
Q

How many slaves lived in Athens

A

100000

45
Q

What did Athenian women do

A

Ran the house families and finances

Social Studies (4 decks)

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