Ancient Greece Flashcards
Macedonian ruler who conquered the Persian Empire and most of east Persia in 330 BC.
Alexander the Great
Arm of the Mediterranean Sea to the east of Greece and west of Asia Minor
Aegean Sea
Greek ideal of showing courage and striving for excellence
Arête
Government ruled by a small group of noble, landowning families.
Aristocracy
Great philosopher and scientist who was a student of Plato and tutor to Alexander the Great
Aristotle
Athenian gathering of all citizens to make decisions for polis
Assembly
Greek city-state, first democracy and birthplace of philosophy and drama
Athens
Describing the artistic style of Ancient Greece and Rome characterized by balance, elegance and simplicity
Classical
Athenian politician who improve Athenian democracy by increasing the power of assembly
Cleisthenes
Island to the south of mainland Greece where Greek civilization began
Crete
Persian leader who led the first failed invasion of the Greek mainland (Battle of Marathon) in 490 BC.
Darius the Great
Persian leader who lost his empire to Alexander the Great in 330 BC
Darius III
Alliance of various city-states, led by Athens, to protect Greece from Persians.
Delian League
Political unit in which a number of people or countries are controlled by a single ruler
Empire
Long poem that tells the story of a great hero’s adventures
Epic
Name for Greek culture which spread throughout Europe and Asia as a result of Alexander the Great’s travels (religion, art, etc.)
Hellenism
In Sparta, term for people who were forced to work the land to feed the Spartan army.
Helot
Called the Father of History, wrote an unbiased account of the Persian Wars
Herodotus
Greek poet who composed the Iliad and the Odyssey
Homer
Arm of Mediterranean Sea, west of Greece
Ionian Sea
Greek region to the north of Greek mainland; home of Philip and Alexander the Great
Macedonia
Important waterway into Greek peninsula jut
Mediterranean Sea
People taken over by Sparta and forced to live as Helots
Messengers
People who started a peaceful civilization on Crete in 2000 BC.
Minoans
People influenced by the Minoans to start a civilization on Greece; eventually invaded Crete and destroyed the Minoans
Mycenaeans
Government in which power is held by a few people
Oligarchy
Magnificent temple to Athena built in Pericles during the golden age
Parthenon
Wars fought between Athens and Sparta over who is more powerful. Sparta won
Peloponnesian War
Athenian politician who used Delian League money to beautify his city.
Pericles
Wars fought in Greece when the Persian tried to take over the Greek city states
Persian Wars
Son of Darius the Great; Persian leader whose army was defeated in the second attempt at conquering the Greece
Xerxes
