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History > Ancient Greece 2 > Flashcards

Ancient Greece 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Direct Democracy?

A

All citizens meet to debate and vote on government matters

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2
Q

Who has/had Direct Democracy?

A

Athens

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3
Q

Why would a country select a Direct Democracy?

A

If it was small country with a small number of citizens

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4
Q

What is it a Representative Democracy?

A

Citizens elect a group of people to make laws and govern

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5
Q

Who had/has a Representative Democracy?

A

U.S

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6
Q

Why would a country select a Representative Democracy?

A

If they had a large population

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7
Q

What it a philosopher?

A

Someone who reflects or thinks about the meaning of life

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8
Q

Men-Upper Class

A

Socialized at dinners discussing politics and philosophy

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9
Q

Men-Lower Class

A

Farmers

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10
Q

Men-Other

A

Worked mornings and exercised at night and only citizens had political rights

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11
Q

Women-Upper Class

A

Spun, wove, dyed cloth and didn’t normally leave home

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12
Q

Women-Lower Class

A

Helped with farming or sold goods

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13
Q

Women-Other

A

Couldn’t go to school, educated weren’t treated equal, and were always under men

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14
Q

When was Greeces golden age?

A

461 B.C to 429 B.C

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15
Q

Who was Pericles?

A

The main leader and general of Athens during the Golden Age

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16
Q

How did Pericles change the government in Athens?

A

He let every citizen have a chance at a government position based on ability

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17
Q

What did he do to rebuild Athens?

A

Built temples,monuments, and statues, supported artists, writers, and teachers

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18
Q

When and who formed the Delian League?

A

478 B.C, the Greek city states and Sparta didn’t join

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19
Q

What was its purpose?

A

To defend its members against the Persians

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20
Q

How did the city states support the league?

A

Athens provided league with sailors and soldiers and other city states provided money

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21
Q

What caused the league to fail?

A

Athens was the strongest city state and began controlling the other members

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22
Q

What caused the Peloponnesian War to begin in 431 B.C?

A

Athens interfered with Sparta’s alliances and allies pressured Sparta to attack

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23
Q

What was Sparta’s strength?

A

Strong army in open battle

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24
Q

What was Athens’ strength?

A

Powerful navy since Sparta didn’t have one

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25
Q

Why did the Peloponnesian war last so long?

A

Sparta surrounded Athens but their navy provided supplies and for 25 years neither side could defeat each other

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26
Q

How did the Peloponnesian War end?

A

Sparta made a deal with the Persians to trade land in Anatolia in return for money for a navy

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27
Q

How did the Peloponnesian War affect Greek city states?

A

City states were weak and divided, people died, farms were destroyed, young Greeks left to join Persian army

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28
Q

How did the city states interact after the war?

A

Sparta ruled them all until they rebelled

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29
Q

How did the Greek empire lose its power?

A

Thebes took over then collapsed when Macedonia wanted to expand and took over

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30
Q

What is a myth?

A

A traditional story about gods and heroes that explains a cultures belief

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31
Q

What is a ritual?

A

Words or actions that are part of a religious ceremony

32
Q

What is an oracle?

A

A priestess who speaks to the gods and answers questions about the future

33
Q

What is a fable?

A

A short story with a moral that teaches a lesson

34
Q

What is a drama?

A

A story told by people who act out events

35
Q

What is a tragedy?

A

A drama with unhappy ending

36
Q

What is a comedy?

A

A drama with a happy ending

37
Q

What did the Greeks believe about their gods and goddesses?

A

Believed they made prophecies about the future, affected our everyday lives, had powers, and looked/acted human

38
Q

How did the Greeks worship their gods and goddesses?

A

In a temple they performed rituals, festivals, and feasts, prayed and offered gifts, and believed the gods were pleased with skills in arts and athletics

39
Q

What role did oracles play in the religion?

A

They told the people for advice on the future

40
Q

Who was Aesop?

A

A storyteller who is credited for writing fables but historians don’t think he was real

41
Q

Describe a specific fable

A

Tortoise and the Hare- Hate stops because he’s sure he’ll win, but Tortoise beats him

42
Q

How were fables told?

A

Orally

43
Q

What is an Epic?

A

A long poem about a hero

44
Q

Who was Homer?

A

He wrote Epics in the 700’s namely the Iliad and the odyssey

45
Q

Describe he classical style

A

It’s a style of Greek art and expressed ideals of reason and harmony

46
Q

Art and sculpture

A

Painted wall paintings and on pottery with red and black paint and sculptures showed no flaws

47
Q

Architecture

A

Built marble buildings with large columns

48
Q

How were dramas told?

A

Men acted all parts during religious ceremonies

49
Q

Aeschylus

A

1st writer of drama who wrote Oresteia a play about the Trojan war and evil acts causing more even acts

50
Q

Sophocles

A

Wrote tragedies like Antigone about a character ordered to do something wrong

51
Q

Euripides

A

Wrote tragedies on suffering caused by war

52
Q

Aristophanes

A

Wrote comedies with jokes that poked fun at leaders

53
Q

What is a Sophist?

A

A teacher in Ancient Greece

54
Q

What is a rhetoric?

A

The art of public speaking and debate or formal argument

55
Q

What is the Socratic Method?

A

Philosophical method of questioning to gain truth

56
Q

Who were the Sophists?

A

Teachers who thought students should improve themselves

57
Q

What did Sophists believe?

A

Gods were not in everyday life and there was not absolute right or wrong

58
Q

Who was Socrates?

A

An artist in Athens who didn’t agree with Sophists

59
Q

What did he believe?

A

He believed there was an absolute truth and anyone could learn anything

60
Q

How did he die?

A

Sentenced to death, so he drank poison

61
Q

Who was Plato?

A

Socrates student who wrote The Republic and started The Academy

62
Q

What did he believe about women?

A

He believed they should be educated and do the same jobs as men

63
Q

What did he believe about the government?

A

Didn’t believe everyone could make good decisions

64
Q

Who was Aristotle?

A

Student of Plato who wrote 200 books on government, planets, and health

65
Q

What did he teach at the Lyceum?

A

Golden Mean- the idea that people should live moderately

66
Q

What did he believe about government?

A

Thought a mix of monarchy, oligarchy, democracy

67
Q

Herodotus

A

Father of history- tried to sort fact from legend

68
Q

Thucydides

A

Wrote The History of the Peloponnesian Wars didn’t believe the gods affected everyday life

69
Q

Thales of Miletus

A

Famous scientist in 600 B.Cs that thought water was the basis of all matter

70
Q

Pythagoras

A

Scientific studies who believed all relationships could be expressed in numbers

71
Q

Hippocrates

A

Studied medicine and believed disease had natural causes

72
Q

Where was Macedonia?

A

North of Greece

73
Q

How did Philip make Macedonia powerful?

A

He took control of city states one by one by learning how to fight like them

74
Q

How did Philip 2 conquer the Greek city states?

A

Defeated by battle, bribery and cavalry

75
Q

Who was Alexander the Great?

A

Philip II son who took his vet at 20

76
Q

What was the Hellenistic era?

A

Time period after death when Greek ideas were spread and used

77
Q

What is cavalry?

A

Soldiers on horses

History (4 decks)

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