Ancient Greece Flashcards
Marathon
A site of a Greek victory northeast of Athens
Alexander the Great
Conquered all of the known ancient world
Tyranny
Government by an individual who seizes power by force
Alexandria
Intellectual trading city of North Africa
Hellenic
A blend of Persian, Greek, Indian, and Egyptian influence
Zeno
Founded stoic philosophy
Iron slashing sword
The advantage possessed by the Dorians
Polis
A city state
Agamemnon
Achaean leader who invaded Troy
Acropolis
Hilltop fortress
Delian league
An alliance of Greek city states fearing Persia
Homer
Poet responsible for the Iliad and the odyssey
Knossos
Capital city of Minoans
Darius
Persian ruler during the battle of marathon
Euclid
A famous Hellenic mathematician
Aegean
Sea off the Eastern coast of Greece
Thales
First Greek philosopher
Sappho
Female lyric poet from Lesbos
Plato
Wrote The Republic and The Dialogues
Dorians
Their invasion began a dark age in Greece
Achaeans
Indo-Europeans who eventually conquered all of Greece
Phalanx
A tight, massive formation of armed foot soldiers
Aristophanes
Comedic writer of The Clouds
Pelonnesian league
An anti Athenian group of city states
Helots
Slaves outnumbering Spartans 20 to 1
Comedians
Ridiculed people, ideas, and social structures
Solon
Reformer who abolished debt slavery and limited land ownership
Tragedies
Dramas that usually ended in disaster
Aristotle
Student of Plato and the teacher of Alexander
Themistocles
Pushed to build a large fleet of Triremes
Ephors
Chosen to oversee the daily affairs of Sparta
Thales
First Greek philosopher
Pisistratus
Claimed rulership by arriving on horse with Athena
Epicurus
Believed the greatest good was in happiness
Dionysus
The Greek god of wine
Monarchy
First government of ancient Athens
Philip of Macedon
Opportunist who conquered all of Ancient Greek
Euripides
Tragedy writer and supporter of women and slaves
Schliemann
Discoverer of what might have been ancient Troy
Minoans
Trading culture on the island of Crete
Philosopher
Means seeker of wisdom
Alexander organize these to spread Greek culture throughout the known world
Mass marriages
He believes one should enjoy life’s pleasures rather than worrying about the after life
Epicurus
They helped Spartans my loading them a navy
The Persians
Why the Corinthians demands for thens destruction didn’t happen
The Spartans respected the Athenians
How the Greeks voted during the democracy
Olive leaves, hand raising, pebbles
A method used to limit power
Ostracism
What motivated potters
Competition
Western city group organized by Spartans
The Peloponnesian league
Wrote Oedipus Rex
Sophocles
Conversational question-and-answer way of learning and teaching
The socratis method
Plato wrote these two novels
The republic and the dialogs
Three major components of Greek drama
Actors, the stage, robes, masks, a chorus
Spartan troops did this every year during the Peloponnesian war
Seized Athens and burned crops and homes
The harbor of Athens
Piraeus
The only ones allowed to participate in Athenian government
Land owning adult males
A famous female lyric poet from Greece
Sapphos
This hero was exiled from Athens
Themistocles
Women in the house could leave the house to do this
Fetch water
He argued against Philips domination
Demonstenes
Philip and Alexander used this type of warfare
Macedonian phalanx
The overseers of daily life in Sparta
Ephnors
The two most important crops of Greece
Olives and grapes
Which Minoan language was deciphered
Linear B
What is the world’s earliest printed document
The phaistos disk
These two epics provide Greek standard for virtuous behavior
Homers odyssey and Iliad
The invasion of these people possibly caused a dark age
The Dorians
This man road into Greece and claim to be with the goddess Athena
Pisistratus
What is a trireme
A state of the art ancient ship
What was the dealian leagues
An alliance of Greek states designed to keep the Persians in check
What is the secret Spartan police called
The cryptaea
That’s what age did the spartan boys enter the military barracks
Seven
At what age for the spartan men marry
20
Describe spartan women
Strong, athletic, had to bear strong children, held high status, ran farms, oversaw helots, could inherit property
Describe how Spartans viewed trade travel and new ideas
They looked down on trade and forbid their citizens to travel. They have little use for new ideas and that their lifestyle was best
Describe the reforms of Solon
He outlawed debt slavery, opened offices to more citizens, granted citizenship to some foreigners, and gave people more say in decisions
Who encouraged the Athenians to build a fleet of warships in preparation for battle with the Persians
Themistocles
Who sent a much larger force to Greece to crush the Athenians?
Xerxes
How did the Athenians use the Delian league
They used it to create an empire
Who led Athens during much of it’s golden age
Pericles
What reform did Pericles institute which allowed a broader democracy
He thought all citizens should partake in government, he gave a fixed salary to those who participated in government
How long did the Peloponnesian war last
27 years
What major problem caused the weakening and eventual loss of the Peloponnesian war by Athens
Sparta was inland and Athens could not attack with the Navy while Spartan armies could attack Athens by just marching north
What’s were early Greek thinkers driven by
Curiosity and the belief in reason
From whom do we learn about Socrates
Plato
What was Socrates accused of and what happened to him
He was accused of corrupting the cities youth and failing to respect the gods. He was sentenced to death
How did Plano feel about democracy and what was the name of the school he found
He rejected democracy. His school is called the Academy
Who is Aristotle and how did he think people should live
He is Plato’s most famous student. he thought people should pursue a golden mean , a moderate between the extremities
What is the name and significance of the schools set up by Aristotle
It is called the lyceum. The first European schools were based largely on the works and ideas of Aristotle
Defined sophists
Men of wisdom
What is the goal of Greek architecture
To convey sense of perfect balance between harmony and the order of the universe
Name three major Greek playwrights and a play written by each
Aeschylus- oresteia
Sophocles- Antigone
Euripides- the Trojan women
What was Pericles’ master plan during the Peloponnesian war?
The Athenians would only fight at sea and hide behind city walls and depend on their navy for supplies
What went wrong with Pericles’ plan
That’s infested the supply ships and caused plagues to kill one third of the Athenians including himself
How did the Peloponnesian war end
The Athenians gave up their defensive strategy and lost control of the seas. Their food supply was cut off and they had to surrender
What one word sums up Philip
More!
What was Philips dream
A united Greece conquering the Persian empire
How did Phillip die
He was assassinated in Macidonia
Who took over when Philip died
His son Alexander
