ancient egypt Flashcards
Ra
Ra was the moot important god and he was the god of the sun. He was all powerful and his name was the key to his power.
Osiris
Osiris was the god of the dead and was married to Isis who was also his sister. His other siblings were Nepthys and Seth.
Set or Seth
Set or Seth was the god of the state of being without order or organisation and represented the things that threatened Egypt. his wife and sister was Nephys and his other siblings were Osiris and Isis.
Isis
Isis was married to Osiris who was also her brother and had a son named Horus, she was the goddess of protection. Isis is associated with thrones because her lap was the first ‘throne’ that Horus sat upon. Her other siblings were Nephys and seth
Horus
Horus was the sky god and was the protector of the ruler of egypt. his father was Osiris and his mother was Isis.
Nile river
most important river in egypt. it is 4,132 miles. The Nile used to flood every summer.
king khufu
4th dynasty. his pyramid is the great pyramid of giza. greeks called him king cheops. father of king khafre. grandfather of Menkaure
old kingdom
dyansties 3-6 governmen and king was strong and powerful. pyramids were built during this time. no need for army.
Great pyramid of Giza
king khufu’s pyramid The pyramid of Giza is a wonder of the world The pyramid of giza took 20 years and thousands of workers to complete but was magnificent
abu simbel
builder was ramses II. abu simbel woud have been flooded but we moved it. long project to move
Akhenaten
akhenaten believed in monotheism instead of polytheism. he believed in aten an old sun god. Akhenaten temporarily changed the religion and capital.
Aten
Aten was the sun god and he was an old god, but when Akhenaten changed the Egyptian religion from worshipping many gods to worshipping one god he made the Egyptians worship Aten. Akhenaten also moved the capital of Egypt to Amarna because he believed Aten was born there.
Cleopatra
last pharoah. ruled after alexander the great she was the only one that ruled after alexander to speak egyptian. she surrendered to rome
Hatshepsut
first female ruler who ruled by herself. was women but often shown as man. became the ruler because her nephew/son, thutmose III was too young to rule on his own. They started off by ruling together, but then she ruled by herself. She kept ruling by herself even when he was older Hatshepsut made people give her the same respect that they gave men rulers
Hatshepsut made trade a much bigger thing.
Hatshepsut made an amazing monument that was a temple
Hieroglyphics
was the system of writing only scribes could write and read. There are about 700 different symbols in the writing. sometimes symbols were the sound and sometimes were the item.The hieroglyphs were first carved into stone. Later, they were written on papyrus, which was similar to paper.
Hyksos
they invaded lower egypt during the middle kingdom and ended it. egypt lasted 1500 years without big invasion before this. introduced new technology new weapons. new fashions, new music, new crops, and new domestic animals
King Narmer
aka king Menes. he was the king of upper egypt and he dominated lower egypt which created the first dynasty.
King Tutankhamun
changed his name from Tutankhaten. 18th dynasty. father was akhenaten.
Lower Egypt
a region of ancient egypt north of y delta. in north
Middle Kingdom
pyramids were built during the middle kingdom. dynasties 11-13. pyramids not as big as Giza.
Mummies
Egyptians believed they could have an afterlife if their body was preserved correctly. At first only the kings were mummified, but later other wealthy people were too.
New Kingdom
dynasties 18-20. pharaohs were more focused on military and expansion. some of the most important pharaohs are from this time
Ptolemy
one of alexander the greats generals. his descendants ruled egypt for a little while. he was greek
Ramses II
aka ramses the great . 19th dynasty. built Abu simbel. made a peace treaty.
