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Midterms > anatomy101 > Flashcards

anatomy101 Flashcards

1
Q

synchondrosis

A

primary cartilage

btw metaphysis and epiphysis

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2
Q

symphisis

A

secondary cartilage

pubic symphisis

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3
Q

uniaxial joint

A

plane, pivot, hinge

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4
Q

biaxial

A

condyloid, saddle

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5
Q

multiaxial

A

ball & socket

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6
Q

splenius capitis

A

O: C7-T4
I: head

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7
Q

splenius cervicis

A

O: T3-T6
I: C1-C4

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8
Q

cartilage (3 types)

A

hyalinis
elastic
fibro-cartilage

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9
Q

fibrous joints

A

suture (skull)
syndesmoses (btw tibia and fibula)
gomphosis (tooth)

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10
Q

gomphosis

A

fibrous joint (tooth)

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11
Q

syndesmoses

A

fibrous joint (tibia/ fibula)

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12
Q

cartilagenous joints

A

primary (synchondrosis - metaphysis/epiphysis)

secondary (symphisis - pubic symphisis)

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13
Q

synovial joints

A

uniaxial (plane, pivot, hinge)
biaxial (condyloid, saddle))
multiaxial (ball and socket)

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14
Q

plane, pivot, hinge

A

uniaxial

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15
Q

condyloid, saddle

A

biaxial

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16
Q

ball and socket

A

multiaxial

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17
Q

functional joints

A

synarthrosis (0)
amphiarthrosis (0/1)
diarthrosis (1)

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18
Q

synarthrosis

A

0

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19
Q

amphiarthrosis

A

0/1

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20
Q

diarthrosis

A

1

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21
Q

3 structural joints

A

fibrous (almost no more in adults: suture, syndesmoses and gomphosis)
cartilagenous (primary/synchondrosis and secondary/symphisis)
synovial (most joints)

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22
Q

compact bone

A

lamellae
Volkmann’s canals
Haversian

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23
Q

spongy bone

A

trabeculae

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24
Q

endosteum

A

less blood supply, no nerve fiber

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25
Q

most superficial back muscle

A

spinotransverse

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26
Q

deepest back muscle

A

transversospinalis

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27
Q

N? rectus capitis posterior and obliquus

A

C1 nerve

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28
Q

N? sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

C11 (accessory)

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29
Q

How many C nerves

A

8

30
Q

example flat bone?

A

bone of the skull, ribs, sternum

31
Q

example of irregular bone?

A

vertebrae and some bones of the skull

32
Q

classification of joints (functional)

A

synarthrosis
amphiarthrosis
diarthrosis

33
Q

classification of joints (structural)

A

fibrous
cartilaginous
synovial

34
Q

primary cartilagenous joint

A 
synchondrosis
epiphyseal lines (btw meta and epiphysis)
35
Q

secondary cartilagenous joint

A

symphisis

pubic symphisis

36
Q

fibrous joints

A

suture - skull
syndesmoses - btw tibia and fibula
gomphosis - tooth and socket alveolar process

37
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves

A

31 pairs

38
Q

how many of each spinal nerves

A 
8C
12T
5L
5S
1Co
39
Q

how many contact points C1 & C2

A

3 (2 facets + dens with anterior articular facet of anterior arch of atlas)

40
Q

accessory process on?

A

lamina

41
Q

mamillary process on?

A

SAP

42
Q

promontory angle btw male female?

A

more obtuse in female (less kyphotic, more straight)

43
Q

spina bifida

A

occulta: hidden, mildest
cystica: most severe, protusion of meninges or spinal cord

44
Q

spina bifida cystica

A

minongocele: least common, verterbrae normal but meninges forced into gaps btw vertebrae
myelomenigocele: most common, unfused portion of spinal column allow spinal cord to protude through opening

45
Q

synostoses

A

full ossification of 2 connectinb bones sutures (abnormal unless epiphyseal

46
Q

anterior intervertebral joint

A

btw vertebral bodies
2nd cartilaginous
anterior and posterior long ligaments

47
Q

posterior intervertebral joint

A 
facet joint or zygapophyseal joint
ligamentum flavum
interspinous
supraspinous
intertransverse
48
Q

ligatmentum flavum on?

A

lamina

49
Q

route of bertebral artery

A

travels up transverse foramen and crosses into suboccipital triangle at C1 andinto skull via foramen magnum

50
Q

2 segmental muscles?

roles?

A

interspinous
intertransvere

propioceptive

51
Q

where intertransverse most prominant?

A

cervical

52
Q

innervation suboccipital muscles

A

C1 dorsal rami

53
Q

suboccipital triangle: floor, roof and content?

A

floor: posterior atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial membranes
roof: semispinalis
content: verterbral artery and fibrous capsule

54
Q

flexion of the spinal column achieved by?

A

abdominal wall muscles flex lumbar
sternocleidomastoid flex cervical
prevertebral muscles do cervical too

55
Q

ipsilateral or contralateral?

splenius

A

ipsilateral

56
Q

ipsilateral or contralateral?

semispinalis

A

contralateral

57
Q

ipsilateral or contralateral?

multifidi

A

contralateral

58
Q

ipsilateral or contralateral?

rotatores

A

contralateral

59
Q

ipsilateral or contralateral?

obliquus capitis

A

ipsilateral

60
Q

ipsilateral or contralateral?

sternocleidomastoid

A

contralateral

61
Q

innervation sternocleidomastoid

A

C11

62
Q

are O and I permanent?

A

no, depend on action

63
Q

4 prevetebral muscles + innevration

A

longus colli
longus capitis
rectus capitis anterior
rectus capitis lateralis

N: anterior primary rami of C nerve

64
Q

which muscles attach anterior vertebral bodies?

A

longus colli and longus capitis

65
Q

function synovial liquid?

A

nourishes, lubricates

BUT NOT SHOCK ABSORPTION

66
Q

compact bone fed by?

A

canals and blood vessels

67
Q

spongy bone fed by?

A

bone marrow

68
Q

osteophytes

A

bony processed occur physical contact, some fuse together and cause complete stiffening

69
Q

syndestosis?

A

full ossification of bone

70
Q

difference btw primary and 2nd cartilaginous joints?

A

all primary cartilaginous joints turn syndestosis

71
Q

what meninges receive minimal innervation = some sensitivity

A

dura mater

72
Q

name and what in cavity long bone?

A

medullar cavity

yellow marrow

Midterms (5 decks)

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