Anatomy Y3 Outcomes Flashcards
Cerebral atrophy
CT non contrast
Marked prominance of sulci and ventricles
Extradural Heamatoma
Midline shift
Heamorrhage between insider surface of the skull and outer layer of the dura
Axial bone window
Fracture of R Temporal bone (and extends to frontal on slices)
Non-contrast head CT reveals hyperdense extra-axial collection overlying the right hemisphere consistent with acute subdural hematoma
T2 MRI
Multi-infarct dementia
Hydrocephalus
Severe Hydrocephalus
Incomplete fracture of Distal Radius - break in convex side
Greenstick fracture
13 yr old, fell off monkey bars
Normal elbow - Ossification centres in right position
Where are non-accidental fractures often found?
Metaphyseal fractures
Rub - esp. posterior rib
Skull fractures
Scapular
Sternal
Metaphyseal fracture
Highly suspicious of NAI
What is the Diaphysis?
The shaft of a long bone
Cortical outer region and cancellous central region with bone marrow
What is a metaphysis?
The wide portion of a long bone, where growth occurs.
It is adjacent to the physis (growth plate)
What is the Epiphysis?
The rounded end of a long bone, distal to the physis
Once growth plate has fused the epiphysis joins the metaphysis
What is an apophysis?
A normal bony outgrowth that results from another ossification centre
Can be mistaken as a fracture
Extensive consolidation and air bronchograms with loss of the right hemidiaphragm in keeping with right lower lobe pneumonia.
Predominantly mid to lower zone airspace opacity.
Leigonella pneum
RUL consolidation - Pneumonia
R upper lobe opacity - RUL collapse
NG tube too high, still in oesophagus
There is a hazy opacity projected over the right upper zone with some volume loss. There is a dense right hilum.
RUL collapse
increased opacity (triangular in shape) at the medial base of the right lung
Right lower lobe collapse
Descending aorta and diaphragmatic outlines are lost.
Left lower lobe collapse
R side pneumothorax (upper lobe)
L sided tension Pneumothroax
L side spontaneous Pneumothorax
L sided tension pneumothroax
Mediastinal shift
Depression of L hemidiapragm
The heart is enlarged and PPM is in situ. The interstitial marking of the lungs are increased with numerous peripheral horizontal lines abutting the lateral pleura.(Kerley B lines)
Heart is enlarged pulmonary vasculature prominent, and interstitial markings are prominent consistent with congestive cardiac failure. No consolidation. No pleural collections.
Air space opacity most confluent in the perihilar regions and interstitial prominence. There is venous congestion and an enlarged cardiac outline. Bilateral small to moderate sized pleural effusions. Appearances are those of mixed alveolar and interstitial pulmonary oedema.
A homogenous opacification is noted in the right lower zone with the opacity seen to track along the lateral chest wall. The right costophrenic angle is obliterated with a meniscus noted. Findings are suggestive of a right sided pleural effusion.
