Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

human evidence > anatomy week 1 > Flashcards

anatomy week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

how many body systems are there in the human body?

A

11

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does the cardiovascular system consist of?

A

heart + blood vessels
blood vessels include:
- arteries
-veins
-capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the purpose of the cardiovascular system?

A
  • supply oxygen rich blood to the body
  • remove CO2 waste from the bloodstream to prevent toxic accumulation
  • transports nutrients + hormones thorughout the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does the left side of the heart contain + how is this transferred throughout the body.

A

oxygenated blood that originates from the lungs. through arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what do arteries branch off into?

A

arterioles then capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what transfers deoxygenated blood and where does it go too? what happens to the blood after?

A

veins
to the right side of the heart where it is pumped back to the lungs for reoxygenation + CO2 removal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

whats the primary function of the digestive system?

A

break down food into usable components for the bodys cells and eliminates toxic waste from the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does saliva break down starches to?

A

simple sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what’s the chronological order of organs used for food digestion?

A
  1. mouth
  2. saliva
  3. esophagus
    4.stomach
  4. small intestine
  5. large intestine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

where does most the nutrient absorption occur?

A

small intestine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what aids the small intestine in digestion and nutrient absorption?

A

bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where is bile stored + made?

A

stored: liver
made: gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does bile do?

A

breaks down fats and carries away waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is carried to the large intestine and what occurs there?

A

indigestible food
final water and electrolyte absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does the colon do in the large intestine?

A

absorbs vitamins produce by resident bacteria before passing the waste to the rectum and anu for evacuation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

whats the primary function of the endocrine system?

A

produces+ secretes hormones that regulate various metabolic functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the role of the pineal gland?

A

produce + regulate melatonin, a hormone that controls sleep patterns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the role of the adrenal gland?

A

involved in blood pressure control, the stress response and sexual development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is the role of the pancreas gland?

A

produces insulin which is a hormone that controls blood sugar levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is the primary role of the integumentary system?

A

protection against external damage + infections, regulation of body temperature and sensory reception

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what are some examples of structures that are in the integumentary system?

A
  • skin
    -hair
    -nails
    -glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the primary role of the lymphatic and immune systems?

A

filter out lymph fluid to maintain proper fluid balance and helps maintain the bodys immune function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

how is lymph formed?

A

formed from the fluid that moves out of bloodstream and the bodys cells + tissues. rich in nutrients + white blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what do lymph nodes do?

A
  • monitor + filter lymph
    -checking for toxins + infectious agents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the largest organ in the lympathic system + what does it do?

A

spleen: filters blood+ produces lymphocytes (white blood cells that fight infection)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what does lymphocytes include?

A
  • T cells
  • B cells
    -natural killer (NK) cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

whats the primary function of the muscular system?

A

provide voluntary + involuntary movements of body parts + organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

what is the function of skeletal(striated) muscles?

A

control voluntary movement
maintain posture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

what are tendons+ what do they do?

A

-fibrous connective tissue that bind muscle + bones
- stabilize joints during movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

where are smooth muscles found + what is their function?

A

walls of blood vessels+ digestive tract
contorl involuntary movement that supports blood flow + digestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what is the cardiac muscle’s function?

A

responsible for rhythmic contraction of the heart

32
Q

what is the primary function of the nervous system?

A

controls and regulates conscious and unconscious functioning of the body. sends + receives signals throughout the body to allow sensing of and interaction with the environment

33
Q

what is the function of the peripheral NS?

A

sends info to and from the CNS

34
Q

what does the peripheral NS consist of?

A

the autonomic and somatic NS

35
Q

what is the function of the ANS?

A

controls involuntary functions e.g heart, smooth muscles

36
Q

what is the function of the SNS?

A

signals from the CNS to the skeletal msucles to mediate voluntary movement

37
Q

what are ganglia?

A

nerve clusters that function to relay nerve impulses by connecting CNS + PNS

38
Q

what is the primary function of the reproductive system?

A
  • sexual functioning and reproduction
  • produces + transports gametes + develops offspring
  • produces sex hormones
39
Q

what is the primary function of the respiratory system?

A

absorb oxygen form the air + remove CO2

40
Q

what is the primary function of the skeletal system?

A

physically supports + protects the body and enables movement

41
Q

where do bones connect at?

42
Q

what is soft tissue in bones called and what is its function

A

bone marrow
produces red and white blood cells in a process called hematopoiesis

43
Q

what is the function of the urinary system?

A

filters waste products from the blood + forms urine which can then be excreted

44
Q

where does the primary filtering process in the urinary system occur?

A

kidneys that produce urine

45
Q

what is urine composed of?

A

urea, water, electrolytes

46
Q

what other functions does the urinary system have?

A

helps regulate:
- blood volume
- blood pressure
-blood pH
- electrolyte levels

47
Q

what does superior mean?

A

describing one point to another in terms of the direction of the head e.g victims’ nose is superior to their mouth

48
Q

what does inferior mean?

A

describing on point to another in terms of the direction of the feet. e.g the knee is inferior to the hip

49
Q

what does anterior mean?

A

a description for a point on the front side of the body e.g your chest in anterior to your back

50
Q

what does posterior mean?

A

description for a point on the back side of your body e.g your back is posterior to your chest

51
Q

what does medial mean?

A

describing one point to another in terms of moving towards the midline of the body e.g the nose is medial

52
Q

what does lateral mean?

A

describing on point to another in terms of moving away from the midline of the body e.g the little toe is lateral to the big toe

53
Q

what does ipsilateral mean?

A

on the same side of the body e.g the appendix and gall bladder are ipsilateral

54
Q

what does contralateral mean?

A

on the opposite side of the body e.g the spleen and liver are contralateral

55
Q

what does proximal mean?

A

closer to the point of attachment e.g the proximal end of the humerus bone is the shoulder

56
Q

what does distal mean?

A

remote from the point of attachment e.g the distal end of the humerus bone is locate at the elbow

57
Q

what does superficial mean?

A

toward or on the surface of the body or organ e.g superficial wounds

58
Q

what does deep mean?

A

away from or penetrating the surface of the body e.g ribs are deep to the skin of the chest

59
Q

what is the sagittal plane?

A

divides body or organs into right and left sections

60
Q

what does the sagittal plane include?

A
  1. midsagittal
  2. parasagittal
61
Q

what is midsagittal plane?

A

divides the body or organ into exactly equal halves

62
Q

what is the parasagittal plane?

A

divides the body or organ into unequal right and left sections

63
Q

what is the frontal (coronal) plane?

A

divides the body or organ into anterior(front) + posterior(back)

64
Q

what is the transverse plane?

A

divided the body or organ into superior(top) and the inferior (bottom) sections

65
Q

what is the oblique plane?

A

passes through the body or organ at an angle+ divides the body into unequal sections

66
Q

what is a body cavity?

A

confined spaces within the body that contain internal organs

67
Q

what are body cavities principally divided into?

A

dorsal body cavity+ventral body cavity

68
Q

what does the dorsal cavity refer to?

A

the posterior nature of the cavity

69
Q

what does the dorsal cavity subdivide into?

A
  1. cranial cavity
  2. vertebral canal
70
Q

what is the cranial cavity?

A

bones that make up the skull +protect the brain

71
Q

what is the vertebral canal?

A

bones that make up the spine + protect the spinal cord includes the spinal roots

72
Q

what is the ventral body cavity?

A

ventral means front

73
Q

what are the two main subdivisions of the ventral body cavity?

A
  1. thoracic cavity (superior)
  2. abdominopelvic cavity (inferior)
74
Q

what is the thoracic cavity (chest) subdivided into further?

A
  1. two pleural cavities (lungs)
  2. mediastinum (area medial to the lungs)
75
Q

what is the abdominopelvic cavity?

A
  • seperated from thoracic cavity by the diaphragm
  • subdivided into pelvic cavity + abdominal cavity

human evidence (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions