Anatomy Week 1 Flashcards
What organs does the foregut include?
- primordial pharynx
- lower resp system
- esophagus and stomach
- liver
- billiary ducts
- pancreas
- artery of foregut
What is the esophagus?
Muscular tube carrying food from pharynx to stomach
Normal length of esophagus?
25cm
How many constrictions does the esophagus have and where?
- pharyngo-esophageal C6
- thoracic constriction at aortic arch T4
- oesophageal hiatus T10
What are the 6 parts of the stomach?
cardia
fundus
body
pyloric part
greater curvature
lesser curvature
What is mostly found in the fundus?
gas
Where are the stomach curvatures found?
greater - outside
lesser - inside
What is the pyloric canal and sphyncter?
canal leads to duodenum
sphyncter is a muscle thickening which controls discharge of stomach contents into duodenum
Which structures are found at the stomach bed? (7)
diaphragm, spleen, left kidney, adrenal gland, splenic artery, transverse mesocolon and colon
What is the role of the gallbladder?
Stores bile
What is the structure of the biliary ducts?
L and R hepatic ducts lead to common hepatic duct. joins with cystic duct form common bile duct
How much bile can be stored in the gallbladder?
up to 50ml
What is the triangle of calot?
allows identification of artery supplying gallbladder.
between liver visceral surface, common hepatic duct and cyctic duct.
What is the pancreas and its structure?
endocrine and exocrine gland
has head in duodenal curvature, , neck, body and tail towards spleen
Where does the pancreas lie anatomically?
transpyloric plane at L1/L2
What is the blood supply of the foregut? its origin?
coeliac trunk - one of the three ventral braches of the abdominal aorta at T12
What are the three ventral branches of the abdominal aorta?
- coeliac branch
- superior mesentery artery
- inferior mesentery artery
What are the branches of the coeliac artery?
- left gastric artery along lesser curvature of stomach
- hepatic artery supplying liver and gallbladder
- splenic artery running retroperitoneally along superior margin of pancreas
What does the midgut consist of?
small intestine, majority duodenum, appendix
Where does the midgut begin and end?
begins at major duodenal papilla in second part of duodenum, then leads to jejunum, ilium, cecum, appendix, ascending colon and first 2/3rds of transverse colon
What drains into the major duodenal papilla?
pancreatic duct and common bile duct
What is the cecum?
first part of the large intestine
Where is the duodenum found?
retroperitoneally and it is static, unlike jejunum and ilium
Where is the appendix found?
in midgut but variable. most commonly retrocecal.
