Anatomy - The Special Senses - The Ear Flashcards
What is the external visible part of the ear called?
The pinna.
What is membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear called?
The diaphragm.
Can the pinna move?
Yes
What is the large, air-filled space in the temporal bone housing the ear structures called?
The tympanic bulla.
What is the snail-shaped structure responsible for hearing called?
The cochlea.
The bony labrynth contains a fluid called the __________.
Perlymph.
The fluid within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear is called the ________.
Endolymph
The nerve responsible for converting sound vibrations into signals is called the _________.
The vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII)
What are the bones in the middle ear called?
The malleus, incus and the stapes.
Where is the tympanic membrane?
Between the external auditory canal and the middle ear.
What nerve comes out of the cochlear?
Cochlear nerve
What is attached to the oval window?
The stapes
What is the tube that comes out of the middle ear and connects with the nasopharynx?
Eustachain Tube
What nerve comes out of the semicircular canals?
The vestibular nerve
What tube becomes so large in a horse it gets its own name?
The Eustachain tube. Called the guttural pouch.
Is the tympanic bulla strong or weak?
Strong
Is the sense of hearing or balance more complex?
The sense of balance is more complex
What are the things in the semicircular tubes called?
Secular ducts, ampulla, utricle, and saccule.
Where is the membranous labyrinth?
Inside of the bony labyrinth.
What is the organ or corti?
An organ in the cochlea that amplifies sound.
Where is the organ of corti found?
In the cross section of the cochlear between the perilymph, endolymph and the perilymph again.
What are the parts of the scale media? Top to bottom.
Vestibular membrane, tectorial membrane, and the basilar membrane.
What is in between the tectorial membrane and the basilar membrane?
The sterocillia and the hair cells.
Where is the round window?
At the bottom of the cochlear.
Caudal to the oval window.
The receptor cells for hearing located within the cochlea are part of the _______.
Cochlea hair cells
What is the structure that receives vibrations from the stapes and transmits them to the cochlea called?
The oval window.
What is the structure that detects changes in the head position and orientation in the inner ear called?
Utricle and the saccule
What is the structure that connects the middle rear to the nasopharynx and helps to equilibrium pressure called?
The Eustachain tube.
Where are the ampulla located?
The round things in the “body” between the semicircular tubes and the cochlea. They are on the ends of the membranous labyrinth.
What x-ray view is used to see the tympanic bulla?
Open-mouth tympanic bulla view
How many semicircular canals are there? What is the angle between each of them?
3 and 90°
What is the thing called that is for balance in the inner ear called?
The Crista of Ampulla.
What is the structure called that detects linear acceleration and deceleration in the inner ear called?
The two otolith sensors, the utricle and the saccule.
What happens when the animals do not have a saccule or utricle?
Loss of balance occurs
What is the bony labyrinth?
The bone that surrounds the the semicircular loops.
What fluid is inside of the bony labyrinth?
Perilymph.
What fluid is filled inside of the membranous labyrinth?
Endolymph.
What fluid is filled inside of the membranous labyrinth?
Endolymph.
How are nerve impulses created?
The fluid waves cause the tectorial membranes and the cilia & hair cells to rub against eachother causing a signal to be sent through to the cochlear nerve.
True or false.
Linear acceleration is when the sensors in the utricle and saccule become slanted.
True.
True or false.
The macula is an area of sensory epithelium in the utricle only.
False. The macula is an area of sensory epithelium in the utricle AND the saccule.
What are hair cells?
Modified neurons.
What is contained in the gel in the utricle and saccule?
Ca carbonate crystals.
