Anatomy - The Face Flashcards
What two branches are key for facial blood supply?
- Facial
- Maxillary
What is the route of the facial artery?
It can be palpated anterior to masseter after it has laterally to mandible
It then makes a tortuous path to the face giving off various branches
What are the branches of the facial artery and what do they supply?
Superior labial - upper lip
Inferior labial - lower lip
Transverse Facial - Parotid gland and duct
Angular - Lateral nose
What are some key branches of the maxillary artery?
Superior alveolar - Upper teeth
Inferior alveolar - Lower teeth
Mental - via mental foramen to do chin
Middle meningeal - Dura
What foramen do branches of the maxillary artery pass through?
Mental
Infraorbital
What does the mental artery anastamose with?
Inferior labial artery
What are the key veins in the venous drainage of the face?
Facial Vein
Angular vein
What drains in to the angular vein?
What does the angular vein become?
Supraorbital vein
Supratrochlear vein
It becomes the facial vein
What else drains into the facial vein?
Mental Vein
Submental Vein
What is the superficial layer or muscle below the face?
Superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS) layer
There is no deep fascia
What are the layers of the scalp?
Skin
Connective Tissue
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Periosteum
Why does the scalp bleed so much?
flush out infection as the veins do not have valves
Which five nerves are involved in scalp sensation
V1 Opthalmic
V2 Maxillary
V3 Mandibular
Greater Occipital
Lesser Occiptal
What is the blood supply to the scalp?
Superficial Temporal
Posterior auricular
Occipital
Supraorbital
Supratrochlear
What muscles is this and what does it do?
What nerve supplies it?
Occipitofrontalis
Moves scalp and eyebrows
Facial - Temporal
What gland does the facial nerve pass through?
Parotid
What important muscles does the temporal division of the facial nerve supply?
Occipitofrontalis
Orbicularis Occuli - Closes eye and throws skin around it
Corrigator supercilli - Vertical wrinkles
Where is the orbicularis occuli
What important muscles does the zygomatic division of the facial nerve supply?
Orbicularis occuli
What important muscles does the buccal division of the facial nerve supply?
Buccinator
Orbicularis oris
Where is the orbicularis oris?
What muscles is this?
Buccinator
What important muscles does the marginal mandibular division of the facial nerve supply?
Depressors of the lower lip and mentalis
What muscles is this?
Mentalis
What important muscles does the cervical division of the facial nerve supply?
Platysma
What does the buccinator do?
Blowing
Sucking
Chewing
What are the two cheek muscles?
Zygomaticus Minor
Zygomaticus Major
