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MSK1 > Anatomy portion > Flashcards

Anatomy portion Flashcards

1
Q

What are the cutaneous contributions of the femoral nerve?

A

Anterior cutaneous branches

Saphenous nerve

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2
Q

What can an anterior hip dislocation impinge?

A

Femoral nerve and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

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3
Q

What is meralgia paresthetica?

A

compression of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve as it passes under inguinal ligament causing pain along lateral thigh

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4
Q

Where is the adductor canal? What is its roof? and where does it end?

A

betweeen vastus medialis and adductor magnus

antereomedial intermuscular septum

ends at adductor hiatus

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5
Q

What exits the adductor canal through medial side?

A

Saphenous nerve and descending genicular artery

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6
Q

What is the chief arterial supply to lower limb?

A

Femoral artery

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7
Q

What is the main arterial supply to femoral head and neck?

A

Medial circumflex femoral artery

Passes between iliopsoas and pectineus to reach posterior thigh

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8
Q

What artery supplies lateral thigh muscles and femur head? Name its branches

A

Lateral circumflex femoral artery

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9
Q

Lateral cutaneous branch of the subcostal nerve

A

T12

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10
Q

Femoral branches of genitofemoral n

A

L1-L2 Lumbar plexus

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11
Q

ilioinguinal n

A

L1

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12
Q

Iliohypogastric

A

L1

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13
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

L2-3

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14
Q

Anterior cutaneous branches of femoral nerve

A

L2-4

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15
Q

Cutaneous branch of obturator nerve

A

L2

Obturator nerve L2-4

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16
Q

Saphenous nerve

A

L3,L4

From femoral nerve

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17
Q

Patellar reflex

A

Testing femoral nerve and spinal cord L2-4

Absence = westphals sign

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18
Q

Calcaneal tendon reflex

A

Test S1 and S2 nerve roots

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19
Q

Femoral n

A

L2-L4

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20
Q

Obturator nerve

A

L2-L4

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21
Q

Sciatic N

A

L4-S3

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22
Q

Tibial nerve

A

L4-S3

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23
Q

Common fibular n

A

L4-S2

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24
Q

Musculocutaneous n

A

C5-C7

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25
Q

Median N

A

C6-T1

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26
Q

Ulnar N

A

C8-T1

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27
Q

Radial N

A

C5-T1

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28
Q

Median brachial cutaneous n

A

C8-T2

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29
Q

Medial antebrachial cutaneous n

A

C8-T1

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30
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous n

A

L2-L3

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31
Q

Posterior femoral cutaneous n

A

S1-S3

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32
Q

What is the chief artery of the thigh?

A

Deep femoris a

It is done in the thigh

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33
Q

Root contribution to Femoral N and from what plexus?

A

L2-4

Lumbar plexus - largest

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34
Q

Describe fibrous joints

A 
Most synarthroses or amphiarthrosis 
No joint cavity
Gomphoses - syn
Sutures - syn
Syndesmoses - amph (radius and ulna)
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35
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A

Lack joint cavity
Synchrondroses - syn: costochondral joints
Symphyses - amph: intervertebral disks

36
Q

What is synarthrosis?

A

immovable joint

37
Q

What is amphiarthrosis?

A

Slightly moveable joint

38
Q

What is diarthrosis?

A

Freely moveable joint

39
Q

What is a bursae?

A

Fibrous saclike structure that contains synovial fluid and is lined by a synovial membrane

40
Q

What is a fatpad?

A

Often distributed along the periphery of a synovial joint and acts as a packing material and provides some protection for the joint

41
Q

What is the only adductor that crosses the knee?

A

Gracillis

It adducts the thigh but also flexes and medially rotates the leg

42
Q

What bursa is found at hip joint?

A

iliopectineal bursa

43
Q

There is dorsal rami innervation in the gluteal region, name them

A

Superior cluneal and middle cluneal from S1-S3

Cutaneous

44
Q

What nerve supplies more skin than any other cutaneous nerve?

A

Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

45
Q

Where are intragluteal injections made?

A

In supero-lateral part of gluteal region in order to avoid sciatic nerve and other gluteal nn and vessels

46
Q

What vessels make up the cruciate anastomosis of the thigh?

A

Transverse branch of medial circumflex femoral a
Terminal part of transverse branch of lateral circumflex femoral a
First perforating a
Inferior gluteal a

47
Q

What makes up the triceps coxae?

A

Gemelli twins and obturator internus

48
Q

What is a fabella?

A

Sesamoid bone close to proximal attachment of lateral Gastrochemius head

49
Q

What can possibly rupture during violent ankle movements? Like sudden dorsiflexion of ankle. Pain is so severe that a patient isnt able to bare weight

Hint: can also be used in reconstructive surgery of hand

A

Plantaris

50
Q

What is the most commonly injured lower extremity nerve?

A

Common fibular nerve

Foot drop

51
Q

The acetabular notch is bridged by what?

A

transverse acetabular ligament

52
Q

What artery arises from the ligamentum teres?

A

obturator artery

53
Q

What deepens socket for femoral head and when torn can cause a pinching sensation when a person flexes the thigh?

A

Fibrocartilaginous acetabular labrum

54
Q

What are the three hip joint intrinsic ligament (not including ligamentum teres)? Which one is the strongest?

A

Iliofemoral -strongest
Ischiofemoral: Strengthens posterior
Pubofemoral: strengthens anterior and inferior

55
Q

Is ACL or PCL taut when leg is flexed?

A

PCL

56
Q

What tests are used for ACL?

A

Pivot and anterior drawer

57
Q

What tests are used for PCL?

A

Quads active test and posterior drawer

58
Q

What is the unhappy triad?

A

Lateral meniscus
Tibial collateral ligament
ACL

59
Q

The muscles of the dorsum of the foot are supplied by what nerve?

A

deep fibular nerve

60
Q

What may lead to bony process developing from medial calcaneal tubercle?

A

This is a heel spur cuased by plantar fasciitis

61
Q

What nerve gives off the lateral and medial plantar nerves?

A

Tibial nerve

62
Q

What can cause a bunion?

A

hallux valgus

63
Q

Name for the loss of transverse arch?

A

Pes transversoplanus

64
Q

Name for loss of longitudinal arch?

A

Pes planus

65
Q

What are the dynamic support of the foot?

A

TA, and TP
FHL
intrinsic muscles
FL

66
Q

What provides that passive support for the foot

A

Plantar aponeurosis
Short and long plantar ligaments
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

67
Q

what does the latissimus dorsi do?

A

Extends, Adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

68
Q

Thoracodorsal nerve

A

C6-C8

Brachial plexus

69
Q

Dorsal Scapular nerve

A

C4 C5

70
Q

Name the muscles of the splenius group and their action

A

Splenius capitis
Splenius cervicis

Extend head and neck
Laterally flex neck and rotate head to side

71
Q

Name the muscles of the erector spinae group and their actions

A

Longissimus
Iliocostalis
Spinalis

Extend head and vertebral column
Laterally flex vertebral column

72
Q

Name the muscles of the transversospinalis group and their function

A

Rotatores - longus and brevis: extends head, cervical and thoracic region; rotates
Multifidus - lumbar: big stabilizer
Semispinalis - thoracis, cervicis, and capitis: extend head, cervical and thoracic regions; rotates them

73
Q

Name the muscles of the segmental muscles, the innervation and function

A

Interspinales
Intertransversari - breaks rule; often get innervation from ventral rami of spinal nerves
Levator costarum - accessorize levator costal muscles and move ribs

74
Q

What is the continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament?

A

Tectorial membrane

75
Q

What is the cruciate ligament in the cervical region?

A

Small ligaments between AA and OA

Keeps pivot joint together

76
Q

Name the muscles of the suboccipital region

A

Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Superior oblique capitis
Inferior oblique capitis

77
Q

What is the motor nerve to all muscles of the suboccipital triangle?

A

C1 nerve

Suboccipital nerve that comes above C1

78
Q

What is the sensory innervation to the suboccipital region?

A

Greater occipital nerve

79
Q

What are the contents of the Suboccipital triangle?

A

Vertebral artery and Suboccipital nerve

80
Q

What is occipital neuralgia?

A

Irritation of greater occipital and lesser occipital nerve

81
Q

What trauma can cause the fracture of dens at base or horizontal axis (less common)

A

Horizontal blow to head

82
Q

Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane is continuos with what?

A

Ligamentum flava

83
Q

Nuchal ligament becomes continuous with…

A

Supraspinous ligament

84
Q

What are the thoracolumbar fascia?

A

Anterior - quadratus lumborum
Middle - deep layer
Posterior - most superficial

85
Q

What is pars inerarticularis?

A

Fracture at inferior and superior articular facets
Looks like a dog with collar
Associated with spondylolysis (broken vertebra)

86
Q

What is sacralization?

A

fusion of L5 with sacrum

MSK1 (2 decks)

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