Anatomy & Physiology Review Terms

Question 1

Autonomic Nervous System: SNS

Answer 1

• What: fight or flight
• Mydriasis: pupil dilation
• Bronchial dilation
• Cardiac:
  
  • Vasoconstriction
  • ↑ BP
  • ↑ HR
• Inhibition of peristalsis ⇒ ↓ GI motility
• ↓ urine output
• ↓ salivary production
• Neurotransmitter: epinephrine & norepinephrine

Question 2

Autonomic Nervous System: PNS

Answer 2

• What: rest and digest
• Miosis: pupil constriction
• Bronchial constriction
• Cardiac:
  
  • Vasodilation
  • ↓ BP
  • ↓ HR
• Stimulation of peristalsis ⇒ ↑ GI motility + stimulates digestion
• ↑ urine output
• ↑ salivary production
• Neurotransmitter: acetylcholine

Question 3

Brain: Frontal, Temporal, Parietal Lobe Controls…

Answer 3

• Frontal Lobe controls → Executive Function & Broca’s (speech production)
• Temporal Lobe controls → Auditory Processing, Memory, Wernicke’s (language comprehension)
• Parietal Lobe controls → Sensory Integration

Question 4

Brain: Motor, Sensory Cortex Controls…

Answer 4

• Motor Complex controls → Planning, Control, Execution of Voluntary Motor Functions
• Sensory Cortex controls → 5 Senses: Vision, Audition (sound), Olfaction (smell), Gustation (taste), Somatosensation (touch)

Question 5

Brain: Circle of Willis & Basal Ganglia

Answer 5

• Circle of Willis: network of arteries located at base of brain that connects major blood supply pathways to brain
• Basal Ganglia: group of nuclei (Striatum, Pallidum, Substantia Nigra) associated w/ motor control and learning
  
  • Damage to this results in movement disorders