Anatomy & Physiology Of The Circulatory System Flashcards
SSV
Small Saphenous Veins
ATC
Anterior Thigh Circumflex
PTC
Posterior Thigh Circumflex
Superficial Veins (name them)
GSV SSV ATC PTC VEIN OF GIACOMINI Ant or post accessories of the Great Saphenous Vein (in some patients)
AAGSV or PAGSV
Ant or post accessories of the Great Saphenous Vein
Anatomical positions- name opposites
Superior/inferior Anterior (ventral)/ posterior (dorsal) Medial/lateral Ipsilateral/ contralateral Proximal/distal
Define ipsilateral
Structures on same sides
Define contralateral
Structures on opposite sides of the body
Name (4) planes of the body
Sagittal (para: unequal, mid: equal)
Coronal (frontal: ant/post)
Transverse: (axial: sup/inferior)
Oblique: divide body at an angle
What is the circulatory system?
Delivers oxygenated and nutrients to all cells.
Removes carbon dioxide and waste products
Name the chambers of the heart.
Right and left atrium
Right and left ventricle
Explain pulse and blood pressure measurement
Systole: Heart contracts 60-120 x’s/minute
Diastole: relaxing/filling of heart
Blood pressure: 120 mm/80 hg
Systolic=mm
Dialostic=HG
What side of heart pumps O2 and where?
Left side of heart pumps O2 blood thru aorta to entire blood via arteries
Define arteries.
Blood vessels that carry O2 blood away front the heart. *exception is pulmanated artery.
Define pulmanated artery.
Only artery to not carry O2 blood away from heart. Instead carries de-oxygenated blood to lungs from RIGHT side of heart.
Breakdown artery size names.
Arteries - arterioles - capillaries
Describe 3 layers of artery wall.
1- outer layer is loose fibrous connective tissue
2- muscular middle layer
3- smooth epithelial layer
Define capillaries.
Smallest blood vessels and connect VENULES AND ARTERIOLES.
Also O2, CO2, nutrients and waste exchange here
Define veins.
Capillaries widen to become venules- then widen to be veins. This is after the are perfumed w oxygen.
Bring deoxygenated blood to RIGHT side of heart. Except pulmonary vein- which brings de-O2 blood from lungs to left side of heart.
Describe physical description of veins.
Thin and will collapse. Have one-way valve.
Vein fun facts
All go to superior vena cava or inferior vena cava
Which veins have corresponding arteries?
Deep veins have corresponding arteries. Superficial DO NOT.
Which ventricle pumps O2 blood thru aorta?
LEFT. the left ventricle pumps O2 blood thru the aorta
Define arteries.
Deliver blood to tissue and cells
Define Venous System.
DeO2 blood brought to right side of heart to lungs to get oxygenated again and re-start process.
Aorta. Define and describe 5 parts.
Largest Artery. 1- ascending (heart/arch) 2- aorta arch 3- descending (distal L from subclavian artery) 4- thoracic (descend above diaphram) 5- abdominal (descend below diaphram)
Name 3 arteries that branch from aortic arch.
Brachiocephic (Innominate artery)
FIRST BRANCH OFF ARCH
Left Common Corotad Artery
Left Subclavian Artery
What does the brachiocephic artery branch into?
Right Common Carotid Artery
Right Subclavian Artery
What supplies the neck and right arm?
RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY
Describe path of RIGHT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY
Divided into:
Right Vertebral Artery (post cerebral circulatory) also- first branch
Axillary Artery ➡️ brachial ➡️ R radial & R ulnar
What feeds:
Shoulders
Axillary
What feeds:
ARMS
Brachial
What feeds:
Arm & hand
Right radial and right ulnar arteries
Describe path of RIGHT COMMON CAROTID ARTERY
Divided into:
R External Carotid Artery (head,neck and face)
R Internal Carotid Artery (brain)
Describe left common carotid artery
2nd branch off aorta.
Divided into:
- L external carotid artery (head, face, neck)
- L internal carotid artery (brain)
Describe path of
LEFT SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY
3rd branch off aorta
Divided into:
- Left Vertebral Artery (post cerebral circulation)
-L axillary art (shoulder/arm)➡️brachial artery, which splits into radial & ulnar (arm & hand)
List 3 major vascular systems
Cerebral
Visceral
Peripheral
Name types of peripheral veins
Superficial: close to surface. No corresponding arteries
Deep: GSV, LSV, perforating veins connect lesser and greater veins.
Where does GSV (great Saphenous vein begin and end?
Begins at foot on medial side of leg and drains into the femoral vein at groin.
Describe LSV (less Saphenous vein) path.
Starts at back of leg and ends in popatiel vein
Explain peripheral drainage.
Posterior tibia➡ popiteal➡️femoral➡️external iliac ➡️ UNITES hypogastric➡️ common iliac vein➡️ inferior vena cava ENDS
GSV
Great Saphenous Veins
