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EMT-B > Anatomy/physiology > Flashcards

Anatomy/physiology Flashcards

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1
Q

Acromioclavicular

A

Joint where the acronym and clavicle meet

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2
Q

Acromion process

A

Highest portion of the shoulder

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3
Q

Alveoli

A

Microscopic sacs of the lungs where gas exchange occurs with the bloodstream

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4
Q

Aorta

A

Largest artery in body. Transports blood from left ventricle to the begin systemic circulation

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5
Q

Appendix

A

Small tube located near the junction of the large and small intestines in RL quad of the abdomen

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6
Q

Arteriole

A

Smallest kind of artery

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7
Q

Atria

A

Two upper chambers of the heart. Right atrium receives unoxygenated blood returning from the body. Left atrium receives unoxygenated blood from the lungs

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8
Q

Automaticity

A

Ability of the heart to generate and conduct electrical impulses on its own

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9
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Division of peripheral nervous system which controls involuntary motor functions

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10
Q

Bladder

A

Round sac like organ of the renal system used to store urine

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11
Q

Brachial artery

A

Artery of the upper arm. Site of pulse checked during infant CPR

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12
Q

Bronchi

A

Two large sets of branches that come off the trachea and enter the lungs. Left and right bronchi

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13
Q

Calcaneus

A

Heel bone

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14
Q

Capillary

A

Thin walled, microscopic blood vessel where oxygen/carbon dioxide and nutrient/waste exchange with the body’s cells takes place

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15
Q

Cardiac conduction system

A

System of specialized muscle tissues that conducts electrical impulses that stimulate the heart to beat

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16
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

System made up of the heart (cardio) and blood vessels (vascular). Sometimes called circulatory system

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17
Q

Carotid arteries

A

Large neck arteries, one on each side. Carries blood from the heart to head

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18
Q

Carpals

A

Wrist bones

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19
Q

Central nervous system (CNS)

A

The brain and spinal cord

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20
Q

Central pulses

A

Carotid and femoral pulses found within the central part of the body

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21
Q

Clavicle

A

Collarbone

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22
Q

Coronary arteries

A

Blood vessels that supply the muscle of the heart

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23
Q

Cranium

A

Top, back, and sides of the skull

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24
Q

Cricoid cartilage

A

Ring shaped structure that forms the lower portion of the larynx

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25
Q

Dermis

A

2nd layer of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, right below the epidermis

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26
Q

Diaphragm

A

Major muscle of respiration. Muscular structure that divides the chest from the abdomen cavity.

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27
Q

Diastolic blood pressure

A

Pressure in the arteries when the left ventricle is refilling

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28
Q

Digestive system

A

Breaks down food

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29
Q

Dorsalis pedis artery

A

Artery supplying the foot. Lateral the tendon of the big toe

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30
Q

Endocrine system

A

System of glands that produce hormones which help regulate and function the body

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31
Q

Epidermis

A

Outer layer of skin

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32
Q

Epiglottis

A

Leaf shaped structure that prevents food from entering the trachea

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33
Q

Epinephrine

A

Hormone produced by body. Used to relieve severe allergic reactions

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34
Q

Femoral artery

A

Major artery supplying the leg

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35
Q

Femur

A

Large bone of the thigh

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36
Q

Fibula

A

Lateral and smaller bone of the lower leg

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37
Q

Gallbladder

A

Sac on the underside of the liver that stores bile produced by the liver

38
Q

Humerus

A

Bone of the upper arm, between the shoulder and elbow

39
Q

Hypo perfusion

A

Aka shock. When the body cannot adequately circulate O2 and nutrients to the body’s cells

40
Q

Ilium

A

Superior and widest portion of the pelvis

41
Q

Insulin

A

Hormone produced by the pancreas

42
Q

Involuntary muscle

A

Muscles that respond automatically to brain signals, but cannot be consciously controlled

43
Q

Ischium

A

The lower, posterior portions of the pelvis

44
Q

Kidneys

A

Organ of the renal system. Used to filter blood and regulate fluid levels in the body

45
Q

Large intestines

A

Muscular tube that removes water from waste products received from small intestines and moves the rest to excretion

46
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box

47
Q

Ligament

A

Tissues that connects bone to bone

48
Q

Liver

A

Largest organ of the body. Produces bike to assist in breakdown of fats and assist in metabolism of various substances in the body

49
Q

Lymphatic system

A

System composed of organs, tissues, and vessels that help maintain fluid levels, and contribute to the body’s immune system

50
Q

Malleolus

A

Protrusion on the side of the ankles

51
Q

Mandible

A

Lower jaw bone

52
Q

Manubrium

A

Superior portion of the sternum

53
Q

Maxillae

A

Two fused bones forming the upper jaw

54
Q

Metacarpals

A

Hand bones

55
Q

Metatarsals

A

Foot bones

56
Q

Musculoskeletal system

A

System of bones that support and protect the body, and allow movement

57
Q

Nasal bones

A

Nose bones

58
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Are directly posterior to the nose

59
Q

Nervous system

A

System of brain, spinal cord, and nerves that govern sensation, movement, and thought

60
Q

Orbits

A

Eye sockets

61
Q

Oropharynx

A

Area directly posterior to the mouth

62
Q

Pancreas

A

Gland behind the stomach that produces insulin and juices that assist in digestion of food

63
Q

Patella

A

The kneecap

64
Q

Pelvis

A

Basin shaped bony structure that supports the spine and point of proximal attachment for lower extremities

65
Q

Perfusion

A

Circulation through the body via capillaries

66
Q

Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

A

Nerves that travel between the brain and organs without passing through the spinal cord

67
Q

Peripheral pulses

A

Radial, brachial, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis pulses felt via peripheral points on the body

68
Q

Phalanges

A

Toe bones and finger bones

69
Q

Pharynx

A

Area directly posterior to the mouth and nose. Made up of the oropharynx and nasopharynx

70
Q

Plasma

A

Fluid portion of blood

71
Q

Platelets

A

Components of blood. Membrane enclosed fragments of specialized cells

72
Q

Posterior tibial artery

A

Artery supplying the foot, behind the medial ankle

73
Q

Pubis

A

Medial anterior portion of the pelvis

74
Q

Pulmonary arteries

A

Vessels that carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

75
Q

Pulmonary veins

A

Vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

76
Q

Pulse

A

Rhythmic beats caused as waves of blood move through and expand the arteries

77
Q

Radial artery

A

Artery of the lower arm. Thumb side of the wrist

78
Q

Radius

A

Lateral bone of the forearm

79
Q

Renal system

A

Also called urinary system. Regulates fluid balance and filtration of blood

80
Q

Respiration

A

Process of moving oxygen and carbon dioxide between circulating blood and the cells

81
Q

Respiratory system

A

System of nose, mouth, throat, lungs, and muscles that bring oxygen into the body and expel carbon dioxide

82
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade

83
Q

Shock

A

Hypo perfusion

84
Q

Small intestines

A

Muscular tube between the stomach and large intestines. Divided into sections: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Takes nutrients from food

85
Q

Spleen

A

LU quad of the abdomen that acts as a blood filtration system and reservoir for blood

86
Q

Sternum

A

Breastbone

87
Q

Stomach

A

Muscular sac between the esophagus and small intestines where digestion begins

88
Q

Subcutaneous layers

A

Layers of fat and soft tissues found below the dermis

89
Q

Systolic blood pressure

A

Pressure created in arteries when left ventricle contracts and forces blood into circulation

90
Q

Tarsals

A

The ankle bones

91
Q

Acetabulum

A

The pelvic socket where the proximal end of the femur fits to from the hip joint

EMT-B (6 decks)

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