Anatomy & Physiology Flashcards
Define umbilical cord
Connection between the embryo (fetus) and placenta
The two umbilical arteries run through the _________ ____________ of bladder to umbilicus.
Lateral ligaments
What is the function of the two umbilical arteries?
Carry deoxygenated, waste-laden blood back to placenta
Which umbilical vein remains in the fetus and carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus?
Left umbilical vein
What is the remnant of the umbilical vein?
Round ligament of liver (runs on free edge of falciform ligament)
What are the remnants of the umbilical arteries?
Round ligaments of the urinary bladder
Where are the 2 most common locations of bladder rupture in foals during parturition (especially colts)?
Junction of urachus & apex of bladder or on dorsal surface where bladder wall is the thinnest
Define Wharton’s jelly and its function
Mesenchymal cells and stroma surrounding the structures of the umbilical cord that protects the umbilical cord
What is the expanded caudal part of the hindgut canal caudal to the origin of the allantois?
The cloaca
What is the name for the wedge of mesoderm in the angle between the allantois and the hindgut?
The urorectal septum
What does the cranial and largest part of the urogenital sinus become?
The urinary bladder, which is continuous with the allantois
What is the remnant of the urachus?
Median ligament of bladder
Describe a patent urachus (urachal fistula)
Failure of allantoic stalk to close off in late fetal life; opens at umbilicus -> dribbling of urine
Describe vitelline fistula
Fecal material or meconium at umbilicus due to failure of urachus to close
