Anatomy - Pelvis

Question 1

Describe the course of the iliac arteries

Answer 1

-abdominal aorta bifurcates into right and left common iliac arteries at L4 level
-follows medial border of psoas muscle to pelvic brim
-divides into internal and external iliac arteries at L5S1

internal iliac artery enters the pelvis and has anterior and posterior divisions
external iliac artery ends at inguinal ligament to becomes the femoral artery at the mid-inguinal point

Question 2

What is the blood supply of the uterus

Answer 2

uterine artery from the anterior division of the internal iliac artery
crosses above the ureter

Question 3

What are the boundaries of the Pouch of Douglas

Answer 3

-inferiormost extension of the peritoneal cavity, open above to peritoneum
-anterior: uterus
-posterior: rectum

Question 4

What are the parts of the male urethra

Answer 4

• Intramural/Preprostatic Urethra: This is the initial segment that runs through the bladder wall.
• Prostatic Urethra: Passing through the prostate gland.
• Membranous Urethra: This short, non-glandular segment travels through the urogenital diaphragm.
• Penile/Spongy Urethra: The longest part that extends through the penis and carries urine to the external urethral orifice.

Proceed Patiently, Move Slowly

Question 5

Where is the male urethra narrowest

Answer 5

in the intermediate (membranous) part that is surrounded by the external urethral sphincter

Question 6

Where does urine go if spongy urethra ruptures

Answer 6

around the penis, scrotum and anterior abdominal wall, not into the thigh

(Bounded by Scarpa’s fascia)

Question 7

What is the innervation of the urethra

Answer 7

prostatic nerve plexus (first 3 parts)
dorsal nerve

Question 8

What are the contents of the spermatic cord

Answer 8

vas deferens
testicular artery
testicular vein
pampiniform plexus
lymphatic vessels

3 arteries, 3 nerves, 3 fascias, 3 other things
3 arteries: testicular, deferential, cremasteric
3 nerves: genital branch of the genitofemoral, cremasteric nerve, sympathetic nerve fibres
3 fascias: external spermatic fascia, cremasteric fascia, internal spermatic fascia
3 other things: ductus deferens, pampiniform plexus, lymphatic vessels

Question 9

What is the arterial supply of the testes

Answer 9

testicular artery off the abdominal aorta

Question 10

What is the lymphatic drainage of the male genitalia

Answer 10

-superficial inguinal lymph nodes: scrotum and penis
-para-aortic lymph nodes: testis

Question 11

Describe the anatomy of the prostate

Answer 11

size of wallnut
surrounds prostatic urethra
base near neck of bladder
apex next to urogenital diaphragm
5 lobes

Question 12

Describe the innervation of the bladder

Answer 12

• sympathetic from the hypogastric plexus: excites the internal urethral sphincter, prevents semen reflux
• parasympathetic from pelvic splanchnic nerves: motor to detrusor muscle and inhibits the internal urethral sphincter
• pudendal nerve: excites external urethral sphincter, causes voluntary prevention of micturition

Question 13

What is the arterial supply of the bladder

Answer 13

branches of the internal iliac artery = superior vesical, inferior vesical (males), vaginal arteries (females)