Anatomy of the Shoulder and Elbow Flashcards
Where is the only articulation between the arm and the axial skeleton properly?
At the sternoclavicular joint.
What is the source of the blood supply to the upper limb and what are its 3 different names depending on location?
Subclavian Artery Up to border of the 1st rib
Axillary artery up to lower margin of Teres Major
Brachial Artery in the arm
In line with what muscle do the cords of the brachial plexus become terminal branches?
Pectoralis minor
What muscle protracts the scapula and stabilises the pectoral girdle?
Serratus Anterior
Supplied by long thoracic nerve
What is glenohumeral rhythm?
Every time you abduct the humerus, the scapula also upwardly rotates about 1/3 of the angle allowing for a greater range of movement.
What nerve supplies the deltoid?
Axillary nerve - closely associated with the surgical neck of the humerus and risks damage in fractures
What are the 4 rotator cuff muscles that attach from the scapula to either the greater or lesser tubercle of the humerus?
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Attach to greater tubercle and cause lateral rotation. (Also Teres Major)
Subscapularis
Attaches to lesser tubercle and causes medial rotation
What are the two main pronators in the forearm?
Pronator Teres (proximal)
Pronator Quadratus (distal)
What process of the scapula is known as the lighthouse of the shoulder?
Coracoid process
Why is the head of the humerus retroverted slightly?
To protect against dislocation
What is the name of the fibrocartilage cuff that surrounds the edge of the glenoid cavity?
Glenoid Labrum
What ligament connects the medial epicondyle of the humerus to the cornoid process and olecranon or the ulna?
Ulnar Collateral Ligament
What ligament connects the lateral epicondyle of the humerus to the annular ligament?
Radial Collateral Ligament
What ligament hold down the head of the radius at the elbow?
Annular Ligament of the Radius
