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Respiratory System > Anatomy of the Respiratory System > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the lungs and interior of the thorax covered by?

A

Pleural membranes

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2
Q

Between the pleural membranes what is present?

A

Intrapleural fluid

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3
Q

What pleura is the lung surface covered by?

A

Visceral pleura

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4
Q

What pleura is the rib covered by?

A

Parietal pleura

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5
Q

What muscles are used for inspiration?

A

Diaphragm
External intercostal muscles
Scalenes
Sternocleidomastoids

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6
Q

What muscles are used if needs be for expiration?

A

Internal intercostals

Abdominals

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7
Q

What happens to the diaphragm on inspiration?

A 
It descends 
(moves down)
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8
Q

Based on boyles law what does an increase in volume do to pressure?

A

Decreases pressure

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9
Q

Based on boyles law what does a decrease in volume do to pressure?

A

Increases pressure

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10
Q

Is expiration passive?

A

Yes

At rest

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11
Q

What is the major determinant of airway resistance?

A

Radii of the airways

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12
Q

What is the respiratory tract lined with?

A 
Epithelium 
Glands 
Lymph nodes
Blood vessels 
Cilia 
Mucous
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13
Q

Is there any cartilage surrounding the alveoli?

A

No

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14
Q

How is the ‘patency’ of the airways maintained?

A

By C rings of cartilage

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15
Q

Decreasing the diameter of airway does what to resistance?

A

Increases resistance

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16
Q

Increasing the diameter of airways does what to the resistance?

A

Decreases resistance

17
Q

Where is the point of gas exchange?

A

At the alveoli

18
Q

What features of the alveoli increase their efficiency of gas exchange?

A

Thin walls
Large surface area
Close to capillary beds (decreasing the distance for gas exchange)

19
Q

What is normal breathing rate at rest?

A

10-20 breaths/min

20
Q

What is breathing rate at maximum exercise in adults?

A

40-45 breaths/min

21
Q

Why is the volume of gas exchange at the alveoli equal to the volume of gas exchange at the tissues?

A

To prevent the build up of gas in the circulation

Respiratory System (15 decks)

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