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Anatomy and Physiology > Anatomy of the Lumbopelvic and Abdominal Regions > Flashcards

Anatomy of the Lumbopelvic and Abdominal Regions Flashcards

1
Q

How many regions in the abdomen

A

9 regions

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2
Q

How many quadrants in the abdomen

A

4 quadrents

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3
Q

Liver and gall bladder

A

Right upper quadrant

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4
Q

Spleen, stomach, and pancreas

A

Left upper quadrant

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5
Q

Appendix

A

Right lower quadrant

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6
Q

Intestines

A

Left lower quadrant

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7
Q

Where would someone experiencing inflammation of the appendix feel pain?

A

Lower right quadrant

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8
Q

What are the symptoms of appendicitis?

A

loss of appetite, fever, and gastrointestinal symptoms

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9
Q

Membrane that lines the abdomen and covers organs

A

Peritoneum

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10
Q

Lines internal surface of abdominal wall

A

Parietal

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11
Q

Covers the majority of the viscera (organs)

A

Visceral

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12
Q

Space between peritoneum

A

Peritoneal cavity

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13
Q

Formed via abdominal musculature fascia (external oblique, internal oblique, and transverse oblique)
Reinforced by inguinal ligament
Contains: spermatic cord, round ligament, illioinguinal/genitofemoral nerve

A

Inguinal Cavity

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14
Q

4 main abdominal muscles

A

rectus abdominis
internal oblique
external oblique
transverse abdominis

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15
Q

Protection/support of abdominal viscera
Stabilization and movement of the trunk/torso
Increases intra-abdominal pressure
innervated by the thoracoabdominal nerves

A

Abdominal Musculature

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16
Q

Tendinous structure formed by abdominal aponeurosis, divides rectus abdomens into right and left halves

A

Linea alba

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17
Q

Innervations of abdominal region

A

Anterior rami of T6-T12

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18
Q

Subcostal nerve

A

T12

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19
Q

Intercostal branches

A

Cutaneous innervation

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20
Q

4 main dermatomes that we look at in the thorax/abdominal region

A

T4, T6, T10, T12

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21
Q

T4

A

Nipple line

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22
Q

T6

A

Xiphoid

23
Q

T10

A

Umbilicus/belly button

24
Q

T12

A

Pubis

25
Q

Subdivided into extrinsic and intrinsic muscles

A

Muscles of the back

26
Q

Superficial: facilitate upper extremity movement
Intermediate: aid in thorax movement

A

Extrinsic

27
Q

Superficial
Intermediate
Deep: postern/movement coordination musculature

A

Intrinsic

28
Q

Superficial layer of extrinsic back muscles

A

Trapezius and Latissimus dorsi

29
Q

Functions of superficial extrinsic back muscles

A

facilitate upper extremity movement

30
Q

Intermediate layer of extrinsic back muscles

A

Serratus posterior superior and serratus posterior inferior

31
Q

Functions of intermediate extrinsic back muscles

A

Spinal extension and lateral flexion

32
Q

illiocostalis

A

To ribs

33
Q

Longissimus

A

Across spine

34
Q

Spinalis

A

Against spine

35
Q

Intermediate layer of intrinsic back muscles

A

illiocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

36
Q

Action of intermediate intrinsic muscles of the back

A

spinal extension and lateral flexion

37
Q

What nerve innervates intermediate intrinsic muscles of the back

A

posterior rami of spinal nerves

38
Q

Attaches to the iliac crest, 12th rib, and lumbar transverse process.
Extends and laterally flexes the spine

A

Quadratus lumborum

39
Q

Multifidi
Rotatores
Interspinales
Intertrandversarii

A

Deep layer

40
Q

Actions of deep layer back muscles

A

Postural control

41
Q

Nerve that innervates deep layer back muscles

A

Posterior/dorsal rami

42
Q

Innervation of the intrinsic back musculature

A

Dorsal rami

43
Q

Forms a compartment for the deep muscles of the back
Serves as an attachment for latissimus doors and other back muscles
Runs from vertebra to costal angles of ribs to iliac crest

A

Thoracolumbar fascia

44
Q

Continuations of the thoracic aorta which originates from the heart
“Terminates” and transforms into the iliac arteries

A

Abdominal aorta

45
Q

Transformed from both common iliac veins
Blood from the kidneys is drained here via the renal veins
Hepatic veins drain blood from the liver to here

A

Inferior Vena Cava

46
Q

Drains blood from stomach/intestines to liver

A

Hepatic portal vein

47
Q

Drains blood from kidneys

A

Renal veins

48
Q

Drains blood from the liver

A

Hepatic veins

49
Q

Support abdominal/pelvic viscera
Resistance during straining
Urinary/fecal continence

A

Pelvic floor muscles

50
Q

Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus

A

Levator ani

51
Q

Four muscles that make up the core

A

Diaphragm- superiorly
Pelvic floor- inferiorly
Abdominal musculature- anterior/laterally
Back musculature- posteriorly

52
Q

Branches into internal and external iliac artery

A

Common Iliac artery

53
Q

Supplies oxygenated blood to lower limb/abdominal wall

A

External Iliac artery

54
Q

Supplies oxygenated blood to sphincters and reproductive organs

A

Internal iliac artery

Anatomy and Physiology (5 decks)

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