ANATOMY OF THE GLUTEAL REGION Flashcards
Origin of piriformis muscle
anterior surface of s2,3,4
What is the primary function of the gluteal muscles?
To facilitate movement of the hip joint and support the pelvis.
Name the three main gluteal muscles.
Gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus.
True or False: The gluteus maximus is the largest muscle in the human body.
True.
What is the location of the greater sciatic foramen?
It is located in the pelvis, formed by the sacrum and the greater sciatic notch of the ilium.
Which artery primarily supplies blood to the gluteal region?
The superior gluteal artery.
Fill in the blank: The ____ bursa is located between the gluteus maximus and the greater trochanter of the femur.
trochanteric
Name one function of the trochanteric bursa.
To reduce friction between the gluteus maximus and the greater trochanter.
What nerve innervates the gluteus maximus?
Inferior gluteal nerve.
Which nerve is responsible for innervating the gluteus medius and minimus?
Superior gluteal nerve.
True or False: The sciatic nerve passes through the gluteal region.
True.
What is the clinical significance of the ischial bursa?
It can become inflamed due to prolonged sitting or pressure.
List the main arteries supplying the gluteal region.
Superior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal artery, and internal pudendal artery.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a gluteal muscle? A) Gluteus maximus B) Gluteus medius C) Gluteus minimus D) Biceps femoris
D) Biceps femoris.
What is the role of the iliotibial tract in the gluteal region?
It provides stability to the lateral aspect of the knee.
Fill in the blank: The inferior gluteal artery branches off the ____ artery.
internal iliac
What does the term ‘gluteal compartment’ refer to?
The anatomical area containing the gluteal muscles and associated structures.
True or False: The gluteus medius is important for stabilizing the pelvis during walking.
True.
Which bursa is located beneath the gluteus maximus?
Ischial bursa.
What are the borders of the gluteal region?
Superiorly by the iliac crest, inferiorly by the gluteal fold.
Name a condition that can affect the gluteal region.
Piriformis syndrome.
What is the function of the gluteus minimus?
To abduct and medially rotate the hip.
True or False: The gluteal region includes the sacroiliac joint.
False.
Multiple Choice: Which nerve is NOT found in the gluteal region? A) Inferior gluteal nerve B) Superior gluteal nerve C) Femoral nerve D) Sciatic nerve
C) Femoral nerve.
What is the primary action of the gluteus maximus?
Extension of the hip.
Fill in the blank: The ____ nerve is a branch of the sacral plexus and innervates the gluteal region.
sciatic
What anatomical structure separates the gluteus maximus from the underlying structures?
The gluteal fascia.
True or False: The superior gluteal artery is a branch of the femoral artery.
False.
What is the primary purpose of bursa in the gluteal region?
To reduce friction between moving structures.
Name the main branches of the internal iliac artery that supply the gluteal region.
Superior and inferior gluteal arteries.
Multiple Choice: Which muscle is mainly responsible for lateral rotation of the hip? A) Gluteus maximus B) Gluteus medius C) Gluteus minimus D) Tensor fasciae latae
A) Gluteus maximus.
What is the significance of the gluteal fold?
It marks the inferior boundary of the gluteal region.
Fill in the blank: The gluteal region is primarily innervated by branches of the ____ plexus.
sacral
True or False: The gluteus medius is involved in hip abduction.
True.
What is the role of the piriformis muscle in the gluteal region?
It assists in lateral rotation of the hip.
Name one of the major nerves that emerge from the sacral plexus.
Sciatic nerve.
What is the function of the tensor fasciae latae?
To assist in flexion and abduction of the hip and stabilization of the pelvis.
Multiple Choice: Which bursa is commonly associated with hip pain? A) Trochanteric bursa B) Subacromial bursa C) Olecranon bursa D) Prepatellar bursa
A) Trochanteric bursa.
What anatomical landmark is used to locate the gluteal injection site?
The greater trochanter.
Fill in the blank: The ____ bursa helps to cushion the ischial tuberosity.
ischial
True or False: The gluteal nerves originate from the lumbar plexus.
False.
What type of joint is the hip joint classified as?
Ball-and-socket joint.
Which muscle is primarily responsible for hip extension?
Gluteus maximus.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following arteries does NOT supply the gluteal region? A) Femoral artery B) Superior gluteal artery C) Inferior gluteal artery D) Internal pudendal artery
A) Femoral artery.
What is the primary role of the gluteus medius during walking?
To stabilize the pelvis.
Fill in the blank: The ____ nerve innervates the tensor fasciae latae.
superior gluteal
True or False: The gluteal region contains both superficial and deep muscles.
True.
What is the action of the gluteus minimus?
Abduction and internal rotation of the hip.
Name the muscle that lies deep to the gluteus maximus.
Gluteus medius.
Multiple Choice: Which nerve is often associated with sciatica? A) Femoral nerve B) Obturator nerve C) Sciatic nerve D) Tibial nerve
C) Sciatic nerve.
What is the anatomical relationship between the gluteus maximus and the sacrotuberous ligament?
The gluteus maximus originates from the sacrotuberous ligament.
Fill in the blank: The ____ gluteal artery supplies the gluteus maximus.
inferior
True or False: The gluteal muscles are primarily responsible for hip flexion.
False.
What role do the gluteal muscles play in athletic activities?
They provide power and stability for running, jumping, and changing direction.
Name the two main branches of the superior gluteal artery.
The superficial and deep branches.
Multiple Choice: Which muscle is involved in internal rotation of the hip? A) Gluteus maximus B) Gluteus medius C) Gluteus minimus D) Both B and C
D) Both B and C.
What is the primary function of the gluteus maximus in stair climbing?
To provide power for hip extension.
Fill in the blank: The ____ bursa is located between the iliotibial band and the greater trochanter.
trochanteric
True or False: The superior gluteal nerve is responsible for the sensation of the gluteal region.
False.
What is the location of the inferior gluteal nerve?
It exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen.
Name a common injury associated with the gluteal region.
Gluteal strain.
Multiple Choice: Which of the following structures is NOT found in the gluteal region? A) Gluteus maximus B) Gluteus medius C) Quadriceps D) Sciatic nerve
C) Quadriceps.
What is the significance of the gluteal fascia?
It encases the gluteal muscles and provides support.
Fill in the blank: The gluteal region is primarily responsible for movements of the ____ joint.
hip
True or False: The gluteal region has a rich blood supply.
True.
What is the role of the internal pudendal artery in the gluteal region?
It supplies blood to the perineum and parts of the gluteal region.
