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Regional Anatomy (Head And neck) > Anatomy Of The Eye > Flashcards

Anatomy Of The Eye Flashcards

1
Q

The peripheral organ of vision, is situated in a skeletal cavity, the orbit. 1inch in diameter and 8 grams in weight. Emebede in the orbital fat, separated from it by a thun fascial sheath.

A

The eyeball

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2
Q

Fascial sheath separting the eyeball from the orbital fat

A

Capsule of Tenon

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3
Q

Two cavities of the eyeball

A

Anterior cavity and posterior cavity

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4
Q

Further divided into anterior and posterior chambers due to the position of the iris

A

Anterior cavity

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5
Q

Contains the acqueous humour produced by ciliary process

A

Anterior cavity

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6
Q

Located behind the iris and contains the VITREOUS HUMOUR enclosed in hyaloid membrane

A

Posterior cavity

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7
Q

What are the layers of the eyeball?

A

Fibrous coat, Vascular coat, and Neural coat

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8
Q

Cosists of the scleraand cornea

A

Fibrous coat

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9
Q

Relatively hard consistency, is a dense layer which, when distended by intraocuoar pressure, maintains the shale of the eyeball.

A

Sclera

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10
Q

External surface is white and smooth and is in contact with the inner surface of the fascial sheath of the eyeball.

A

Sclera

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11
Q

Provides passage for nerves of the cornea and vascular autonomic nevrs and attached for extrinsic eye muscles.

A

Sclera

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12
Q

It is the anterior, projecting trasnparent part of the external tunic, and its tear film cover is the major site of REFRACTION OF LIGHT entering the eye.

A

Cornea

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13
Q

Cointains the Choroid, teh ciliary body, and the iris

A

Vascular coat

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14
Q

Is a thin, highly vascular, dark brown tissue which lines almost the posterior 5/6 of the eye.

A

Choroid

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15
Q

Pierced behind the optic nerve and is firmly adherent to the sclera.

A

Choroid

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16
Q

Thicker posteriorly, and internally it si firmly attached to the retinal pigmented layer

A

Choroid

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17
Q

Directly continuous with the choroid behind and with the iris in front. It shows a scalloped periphery where it is conituous with the choronoid and retina, termed the ORA SERRATA

A

Ciliary body

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18
Q

Concerned with the susoension of the lens and with accomodation. It is also a majot source of aqueous fluid for the anterior segment of the eye

A

Ciliary body

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19
Q

Is an adjustable diaphragm around a central aperture.

A

Iris

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20
Q

Concentration of these cells is the main factor determining the hue of the iris

A

Melanocytes

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21
Q

This is a flat annulus of smooth muscle about 0.75mm wide and 0.15mm thick. It is densely packed fusiform myocytes are often arranged in small bundles and pass circumferentially around the pupil.

A

Sphicnter pupillae

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22
Q

A thin stratum lying intermediately anterior to the epithelium of the posterior iridial surface.

A

Dilator pupillae

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23
Q

It is the neural, sensory stratum of the eyeball. Thin and thickest near the optic disc.

A

Retina

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24
Q

Photoreceptors of the retina

A

Rod and cone cells

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25
Q

An oval, yellowish area located near the center of the retina which has a central depression

A

Macula lutea

26
Q

A central depression where visual resolution is highest.

A

Fovea centralis

27
Q

Cheifly responsible for high spatial resolution and colour vision in good kighting cinditions (photopic vision)

A

Cone cells

28
Q

Three types of cones according to their maximul special sensitivities

A

Red, green, blue

29
Q

Provide high monochromatic sensitivity to a much wider range of illumination down to ,uch lower intensities (scotopic vision)

A

Rod cells

30
Q

This region, where retinal tissues meet the neural elements of the optic nerve.

A

Optic disc

31
Q

Exit point for the optic nerve fibers and entry and exit poit for retinal circulation

A

Optic disc

32
Q

The component of the eye which transmit and refract light

A

Refractive media

33
Q

Total quantity is small, filling the anterior and posterior chamber. Produced by ciliary process, and is an avenue for nutrients and metabolic exchange.

A

Aqueous humour

34
Q

Fill the vitreour chamber, occupying about 4/5s of the eyeball. Colorless and consists of 99 per cent water

A

Vitreous body

35
Q

Is a transparent, encapsulated, biconvex body placed between the iris and the vitreous body.

A

Lens

36
Q

Collectively forming the zonule holding the lens

A

Zonular fibers

37
Q

Ideal state of the eye in which no refractive error is present

A

Emmetropia

38
Q

Also know as nearsightedness, is a conditon in which a person can see near objectsmore clearly than distant objects. Light focuses in FRONT of the retina

A

Myopia

39
Q

Also know as farsightedness, is a condition in which a person can see distant objects more clearly that near objects. Light focuses BEHIND the retina.

A

Hyperopia

40
Q

Normal part of aging; it develops as the lens of the eye becomes less flexible and loss its ability to focus on near objects.

A

Presbyopia

41
Q

A conditon in which objects, both near and far appear blurred. It often occurs in combination with myopia and hyperopia.

A

Astigmatism

42
Q

Is a cloudiness or opacification in the normally clear and transparent lens of the eye.

A

Cataract

43
Q

Two movable folds, with the upper being more larger and movable, due to the presence of the LEVATOR PALPEBRA SUPERIORIS. Covered by skin, externally, and mucous membrane in the deep aspect.

A

Eyelid

44
Q

Sebaceous glands on the eyelids

A

Glands of Zeis

45
Q

Infection of the sebaceous gland or glands of zeis

A

Sty

46
Q

Sweat glands of the eyelids

A

Glands of Moll

47
Q

Etremely loose and easily distended by blood and fluid

A

Loose subcutaneous tissue

48
Q

Orbicularis oculi muscle

A

Muscular layer

49
Q

Contain sensory nerves

A

Submuscular layer

50
Q

2 thin plates of dense connective tissue, which forms and supports the eyelid. Receives the levator palpebra superioris

A

Tarsal plates

51
Q

Mucous membrane that attaches the eyeball to the eyelid (palpebral or bulbar)

A

Conjucntiva

52
Q

Secretes a complex fluid (tears) whose excretoy ducts convey fuild to surface of the eye.

A

Lacrimal gland

53
Q

Secretes tears, which are alkalinic, water and contain WHAT

A

Lysozyme

54
Q

Located in the lacrimal fossa and presents a fundus

A

Lacrimal sac

55
Q

3/4 of an inch in lenth and drains into the inferior nasal something

A

Nasolacrimal duct

56
Q

Contains the eyeball in its anterior part and the posterior part is filled with fat, fascia, muscles, blood vessels, and nerves.

A

Orbit

57
Q

Separates the anterior and posterior

A

Capsule of Tenon

58
Q

Lines the orbit and is continuous with the dura mater of rhe brain

A

Periorbita

59
Q

Nerve that inervates to the Lateral Rectus muscle

A

Adbucent Nerve (CN VI)

60
Q

Nerve that inervates tge Superior Oblique muscle

A

Trochlear Nerve (CN IV)

61
Q

Inervates the rest of the eye muscles

A

Occulomotor nerve (CN III)

Regional Anatomy (Head And neck) (2 decks)

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