Anatomy of the Cardio-Vascular System Flashcards
- Where is the superior mediastinum located?
through the transverse plane at the sternal angle and disk between 4th and 5th thoracic vertebrae
- Where is the inferior mediastinum located?
between the transverse thoracic line and diaphragm
- Where does the long axis of the heart intersect with?
the long axis of the body
- What type of layer is the outer layer of the heart
Tough, fibrous outer layer
- What type of layer is the inner layer of the heart?
double serous inner layer
- What does the visceral layer of the pericardium make up?
the epicardium
- What does serous fluid in pericardial space do?
facilitates heart movements
- When going to the upper body, which 3 passages does the oxygenated blood move into after entering the ascending aorta
- brachiocephalic trunk
- left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery
- Which 2 places does the descending aorta take oxygenated blood to?
takes oxygenated blood towards abdomen and lower limb
- Outline how deoxygenated blood moves in blood circulation starting with the right ventricle
From RV , then pulmonary trunk then right and left pulmonary arteries
- What connects the pulmonary trunk and aorta in foetal circulation?
Ductus arteriosus connects the two
- What is the epicardium?
the visceral layer of serous pericardium
- What muscle makes up the myocardium?
involuntary striated cardiac muscle
- What cells make up the myocardium
cardiomyocytes
- What is the endocardium composed of?
connective tissue and simple squamous epithelium
- Which 3 passages does the right atrium receive blood from?
- superior vena cava
- inferior vena cava
- coronary sinus
- What 4 structures make up the right atrium
- Right auricle
- Pectinate muscles
- Fossa ovalis
- Crista terminalis
What 4 structures make up the left atrium
- Left auricle
- Fossa ovalis
- Pectinate muscles
- valve of foramen ovale
- What valve beginning with M can be found between the left atrium and ventricle?
mitral valve
- In foetal circulation, what can be found in between the atria?
Foramen ovale can be found
- Which passage does the right ventricle pump deoxygenated blood into?
pulmonary trunk
- What 5 structures make up the ventricles?
Papillary muscles
Chordae tendinae
Trabeculae carnae
conus arteriosus
septomarginal trabecula
- What is the right atrioventricular valve called
tricuspid valve
- What is the left atrioventricular / mitral valve called?
bicuspid valve
- What do papillary muscles prevent?
prevent prolapse
- What are papillary muscles not attached to?
not attached to semilunar valves
- Where is the pulmonary valve located?
Pulmonary valve between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk
- Where do the right and left coronary arteries originate respectively?
originate in the right and left aortic cusps respectively
- Which 2 places does the right marginal artery supply blood to
supplies blood to the right ventricle and the apex
- What 1 place does the left marginal artery supply blood to?
supplies blood to the left ventricle
- Which 3 places does the left anterior descending artery supply blood to?
supplies blood to the:
- right ventricle
- left ventricle
- inter ventricular septum
- Which 2 places does the left circumflex artery supply blood to?
supplies blood to left atrium and ventricle
- Which 3 places does the posterior interventricular artery supply blood to
supplies blood to:
- left ventricle
- right ventricle
- inter ventricular septum
- What do cardiac veins run parallel to?
Run parallel to the coronary arteries
- Where do the cardiac veins drain into?
Drain into the coronary sinus
- Where does the coronary sinus drain into?
drains into the right atrium
- What 4 structures make up the conducting system of the heart?
SA node
AV node
AV bundle (bundle of His)
Purkinje fibres
