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surgery- breast > Anatomy Of The Breast > Flashcards

Anatomy Of The Breast Flashcards

1
Q

The skin of the breast (excluding the areola and nipple), drains radially.
- Which 2 sets of lymph nodes, drain the skin of the breast?

A
  1. Parasternal lymph nodes

2. Axillary lymph nodes

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2
Q

The skin of the breast (excluding the areola and nipple), drains radially.
- Describe the drainage of the skin of the breast.

A

PARASTERNAL LYMPH NODES
- Afferent: Skin on medial side of the breast
- Efferent: Bronchomediastinal LN -> Into jugular lymphatic trunk
Into Right lymphatic duct or thoracic duct on the left

AXILLARY LYMPH NODES
- Afferent: Skin on lateral side of the breast
- Efferent: Bronchomediastinal LN -> Into jugular lymphatic trunk
Into Right lymphatic duct or thoracic duct on the left

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3
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the mammary tissue:

- How are the areola’s, nipples and lobules drained?

A

Via the subareola plexus draining into the:

- Pectoral/ Anterior lymph nodes.

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4
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the mammary tissue:

  • How is the medial border of the mammary tissue drained?
  • Mention which vessel this lymph runs with.
A

Parasternal lymph nodes

- Runs with the internal thoracic artery.

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5
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the mammary tissue:

- How is the inferomedial border of the mammary tissue drained?

A

Drained via the sub-peritoneal and pelvic lymph nodes

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6
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the mammary tissue:

- How is the 75% of the mammary tissue drained?

A

The axillary tail.

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7
Q

Name the 7 lymph nodes of the breast:

A
  1. Apical/ Infraclavicular
  2. Deltopectoral
  3. Axillary
  4. Pectoral/ Anterior
  5. Central
  6. Parasternal
  7. Subscapular/ Posterior
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8
Q

Name the structures associated with the 7 lymph nodes of the breast:

A
  1. Apical/ Infraclavicular
    - Proximal axillary vein
  2. Delto-pectoral
    • Deltopectoral triangle and cephalon vein
  3. Humeral/ Lateral group
    • Distal axillary vein
  4. Pectoral/ Anterior
    • Lateral thoracic artery/ vein
  5. Central
    • Intercostobrachial nerve.
  6. Parasternal
    • Internal thoracic artery
  7. Subscapular/ Posterior
    • Sub-scapular veins
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9
Q

Surface anatomy:

- Where is the breast found in the vertical plane?

A

Between 2nd and 6th rib

- Midclavicular line

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10
Q

Surface anatomy:

- Where is the breast found in the horizontal plane?

A
  • Parasternal
    • 2/3rds on pectorals major
    • 1/3rd on stratus anterior.
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11
Q

Surface anatomy:

- What is the inferomedial quadrant of the breast?

A

On external oblique

- On aponeuresis .

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12
Q

Where is the nipple located?

A

4th ICS MCL

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13
Q

Are the tubulo-alveolar glands found in the deep or superficial fascia?

A

Superficial fascia

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14
Q

Organize the following:

  • Nipple
  • Lactiferous sinus
  • Alveoli ductules
  • Lactiferous duct
  • Lactocytes.
A

Lactocytes -> Alveoli ductules -> Lactiferous duct -> Lactiferous sinus -> Nipple

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15
Q

Name 3 structures found in the adipose tissue

A
  1. Arteries and veins
  2. Lymphatics
  3. Nerves
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16
Q

Which quadrant of the breast is Coopers ligament found?

A

Upper Superior quadrant

17
Q

What structures provide support in the breast?

A
  1. Interlobular connective tissue -> Lobule divisions: Forming septae.
  2. Coopers ligament
18
Q

Name 3 important components of the areola:

A

Sebaceous glands
Seat glands
Glands of Montgomery

19
Q

Which structure terminates in the nipple.

A

Lactiferous ducts

- Continue forming lactiferous sinuses.

20
Q

Name the 3 main arteries involved in the blood supply to the breast:
- State the branches of these arteries are involved in the blood supply.

A
  1. Axillary artery
    - Lateral thoracic artery
    - Thoracoacromial
  2. Internal thoracic artery
    - Perforating branches
  3. Intercostal artery branches
    - Lateral branches
21
Q

What is the nerve supply of the breast?

A

The breast receives both sympathetic (secretory) and sensory innervation:
T2 - T6 derived from lateral and anterior cutaneous branches

22
Q

What is the innervation of the nipple?

A

4th ICN

23
Q

Name 7 variations that can be found in breast study!

A
  1. Supernumerary (Third breast)
  2. Accessory breast tissue found in the axilla.
  3. Single/ Multiple
  4. Absence of breast
  5. Absence of pectoralis major
  6. Painful for menstruation
  7. Symmetrical/Asymmetrical

surgery- breast (3 decks)

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