Anatomy Of The Brain

Question 1

Which brain controls primitive, basic functions?

Answer 1

Hindbrain

Question 2

Which part of the brain is the Medulla?

Answer 2

Hindbrain

Question 3

Where is the Pons?

Answer 3

Hindbrain, just above the Medulla

Question 4

Where is the Cerebellum?

Answer 4

Hindbrain, at back of brainstem

Question 5

What does the Medulla control?

Answer 5

Heart Rate & Breathing

Question 6

What can happen if Medulla activity is surpassed?

Answer 6

Heart or respiratory failure (due to alcohol or drugs)

Question 7

What do we also call the Medulla?

Answer 7

The neuronal motorway

Question 8

What does the Pons do? (3)

Answer 8

Relay Centre, respiratory control & sleep regulation

Question 9

What does the Cerebellum control? (M)

Answer 9

Movement (timing & coordination)

Question 10

What can affect the Cerebellum?

Answer 10

Alcohol (affects timing/coordination)

Question 11

Where is the Midbrain?

Answer 11

ABOVE the Hindbrain

Question 12

What is the Midbrain?

Answer 12

A cluster of sensory/motor neurons

Question 13

What does the Midbrain do?

Answer 13

It’s a relay centre for eyes and ears in particular

Question 14

What does damage to the Midbrain do?

Answer 14

Irreversible Coma

Question 15

What is the most important part of the Midbrain?

Answer 15

Reticular Formation

Question 16

What is the Reticular Formation?

Answer 16

Most important part of the Midbrain, gatekeeper for information passing to the Forebrain

Question 17

What does the Reticular Formation do? 3 answers

Answer 17

1. Gatekeeper for information
2. Focuses attention
3. Affects sleep states

Question 18

Where is the Forebrain?

Answer 18

Above the midbrain / the most forward part

Question 19

What is the Forebrain

Answer 19

The most evolved part which contains the entire cerebrum & several structures

Question 20

What does the Cerebrum look like?

Answer 20

Two hemispheres, left and right

Question 21

What covers the cerebrum?

Answer 21

The cortex

Question 22

What lies within the Cerebrum hemispheres?

Answer 22

Many important structures

Question 23

What is the Cortex?

Answer 23

A thin layer that covers the cerebrum, which has four lobes (F, O, P, T)

Question 24

What percentage of the human brain does the cortex make up?

Answer 24

80%

Question 25

What are the four lobes of the Cerebral Cortex?

Answer 25

Frontal, Occipital, Parietal & Temporal

Question 26

What part of the brain doesn’t exist in primitive animals such as fish?

Answer 26

The Cerebral Cortex

Question 27

Where is the Thalamus?

Answer 27

Sits above the Midbrain

Question 28

What does the Thalamus do?

Answer 28

Major relay centre for sensory information

Question 29

What does damage to the Thalamus do? (2 things)

Answer 29

Leads to loss of sensory function and potential hallucinations

Question 30

Where is the Hypothalamus?

Answer 30

In the Forebrain, at the BASE of the Thalamus (above the brainstem)

Question 31

What does the Hypothalamus control? (2)

Answer 31

HORMONES AND HOMEOSTASIS: Emotions & Motivation - sex drive, appetite, sleep, aggression etc.

Question 32

What does the Limbic System do? (2)

Answer 32

COORDINATES BEHAVIOURS to satisfy motivational urges coming from the HYPOTHALAMUS, & is important for MEMORY.

Question 33

What is located within the Limbic System? (6)

Answer 33

Hippocampus, Amygdala, Thalamus, Hypothalamus, Basal Ganglia & Cingulate Gyrus.

Question 34

Limbic System = ?

Answer 34

EMOTION (AND MEMORY)

Question 35

Hippocampus = ?

Answer 35

MEMORY

Question 36

Amygdala = ?

Answer 36

Anxious & fearful emotions

Question 37

The amygdala and hippocampus are…?

Answer 37

Interconnected / next to each other

Question 38

Pituitary Gland

Answer 38

Hormone-secreting gland that sits just below the Hypothalamus