Anatomy of the Brain

Question 1

What two main parts comprises the brain?

Answer 1

Brain stem and the cerebral hemispheres

Question 2

What is the brain stem divided into? (3)

Answer 2

Hind-brain
Mid-brain
‘Between-brain’

Question 3

What is the ‘between-brain’ called?

Answer 3

Diencephalon

Question 4

The hind-brain is an extension of the ______ ____

Answer 4

Spinal cord

Question 5

The hind-brain contains networks of neurons that constitute centres for the control of vital functions?

Answer 5

Breathing, blood pressure and others

Question 6

What arises from the roof of the hind-brain?

Answer 6

The cerebellum

Question 7

What role does the cerebellum?

Answer 7

Absolutely central role in the control and timing of movements

Question 8

What do the midbrain neurons use?

Answer 8

Use predominantly a particular type of chemical messenger

Question 9

Where does midbrain neurons project to?

Answer 9

Project up to cerebral hemispheres

Question 10

What is midbrain neurons thought to be able to modulate?

Answer 10

The activity of neurons in the higher centres of the brain

Question 11

What is the midbrain neurons thought to mediate?

Answer 11

Functions such as sleep, attention or reward

Question 12

What is the diencephalon divided into?

Answer 12

The thalamus and the hypothalamus

Question 13

What is the function of the thalamus?

Answer 13

Relays impulses from all sensory systems to the cerebral cortex, which in turn sends messages back to the thalamus

Question 14

Does information travel one way in the brain?

Answer 14

Not it doesn’t, information travels back and forth in the brain

Question 15

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

Answer 15

Controls functions such as eating and drinking, and also regulates the release of hormones involved in sexual functions

Question 16

What does the cerebral hemispheres consist of?

Answer 16

A core
The basal ganglia
An extensive but thin surrounding sheet of neurons making up the grey matter of the cerebral cortex

Question 17

What is the function of the basal ganglia?

Answer 17

Plays a central role in the initiation and control of movement

Question 18

What enables the cerebral cortex to have a much larger surface area for neurons?

Answer 18

The folds that weave in and out, as it is packed in a limited space of the skull

Question 19

Cortical tissue in humans is ____ times bigger than in gorillas

Answer 19

Four

Question 20

What are the sensory areas receiving from the skin called?

Answer 20

Somaesthetic areas

Question 21

True or False:
The pathways from the sensory receptors to the cortex and from cortex to the muscles cross over from one side to the other

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What is the large fibre tract that connect the left and right cerebral cortex?

Answer 22

Corpus callosum

Question 23

Who is the father of modern neuroscience?

Answer 23

Ramon y Cajal