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WOUNDS > ANATOMY OF SKIN > Flashcards

ANATOMY OF SKIN Flashcards

1
Q

What is the largest organ in the body by weight

A

The skin

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2
Q

Functions of the skin

A

Thermorégulation
Blood storage
Synthesis of Vit D
Protection from external environment
Excretion and Absorption of substances
Sensory perception

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3
Q

What are the two main parts of the skin

A

Epidermis - superficial epithelial tissue
Dermis - deeper connective tissue

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4
Q

…… is avascular whilst, …….. is vasculariséd

A

Epidermis, Dermis

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5
Q

What is the hypodermis

A

Subcutaneous tissue that is deep to the dermis, but not part of the skin.

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6
Q

What tissues make up the hypodermis

A

Areolar and adipose tissues

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7
Q

Organisation of skin to the bones

A

Epidermis to Dermis to Hypodermis to Connective tissue surrounding bones and muscle

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8
Q

What are lamellar corpuscles

A

Pacinian or lamellar corpuscles are pressure sensitive nerve endings located in the hypodermis and sometimes the dermis

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9
Q

What kind of epidermis cells make up the epidermis

A

Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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10
Q

What are the four principal cells of the epidermis

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Dendritic cells
Tactile epithelial cells

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11
Q

Function of the keratinocytes

A

Produce keratin
Secrete lamellar granules which contain a water repellant sealant

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12
Q

Function of tactile epithelial cells in the epidermis

A

Sensitive to touch

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13
Q

Difference between epidermis thick and thin skin

A

Thick skin has five layers of epidermis whilst thin skin has four layers
Thick skin has a thick stratum corneum and vice versa

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14
Q

The layers of the epidermis from topmost to deepest

A

Thick or thin Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum only in thick skin
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale

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15
Q

Which part of the epidermis contains stem cells that produce keratinocytes

A

Stratum basale

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16
Q

Which part of the epidermis contains four to six rows of clear flat dead keratinocytes with large amounts of keratin

A

Stratum lucidum

17
Q

What type of connective tissue make up the dermis

A

Dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers

18
Q

The two parts of the dermis

A

Thin superificial papillary dermis
Thick deeper reticular dermis

19
Q

What are dermal papille

A

Dermal ridges in the papillary dermis that house blood capillaries, tactile or meissner corpuscles and free nerve endings

20
Q

Which tissues make up the papillary dermis

A

Areolar connective tissue made up of thin Collagen and fine elastic fibers

21
Q

Which part of the skin is responsible for its extensibility and elasticity

A

Collagen and elastic fibers in the reticular dermis

22
Q

What causes Striae or stretch marks

A

Internal damage to the reticular dermis

23
Q

What is dermatologlyphics

A

Study of the pattern of the epidermal ridges

24
Q

What are epidermal ridges

A

Series of elevations that appear as striaght lines or pattern of loops and whirls on the surface of the palms, soles and tips of digits

25
Q

What type of tissue make up the reticular dermis

A

Dense irregular connective tissue made up of thick collagen fibers and coarse elastic fibers

26
Q

What are epidermal pegs

A

Extensions of the epidermis that project into the the papillary dermis between dermal papillae

27
Q

Structures found between fibers in the reticular dermis

A

Adipose cells
Hair follicles
Nerves
Sebaceous glands
Sudoriferous glands

28
Q

Which amino acid is used to synthesize melanin

A

Tyrosine

29
Q

What are the three types of glands in the skin

A

Sebaceous glands
Sudoriferous glands
Ceruminous glands

30
Q

Functions of sebaceous glands

A

Secrete sebum

31
Q

Types of Sudoriferous glands

A

Eccrine sweat glands
Apocrine sweat glands

32
Q

Difference between sensible and insensible perspiration

A

Sweat that evaporates form the body before being perceived as moisture is insensitive perspiration and vice versa

33
Q

Which type of sweat glands helps in thermorégulation

A

Eccrine sweat glands

34
Q

Function of ceruminous glands

A

Found in the external ear and produce a waxy lubricating secretion

WOUNDS (5 decks)

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