ANATOMY OF SKIN Flashcards
What is the largest organ in the body by weight
The skin
Functions of the skin
Thermorégulation
Blood storage
Synthesis of Vit D
Protection from external environment
Excretion and Absorption of substances
Sensory perception
What are the two main parts of the skin
Epidermis - superficial epithelial tissue
Dermis - deeper connective tissue
…… is avascular whilst, …….. is vasculariséd
Epidermis, Dermis
What is the hypodermis
Subcutaneous tissue that is deep to the dermis, but not part of the skin.
What tissues make up the hypodermis
Areolar and adipose tissues
Organisation of skin to the bones
Epidermis to Dermis to Hypodermis to Connective tissue surrounding bones and muscle
What are lamellar corpuscles
Pacinian or lamellar corpuscles are pressure sensitive nerve endings located in the hypodermis and sometimes the dermis
What kind of epidermis cells make up the epidermis
Keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
What are the four principal cells of the epidermis
Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Dendritic cells
Tactile epithelial cells
Function of the keratinocytes
Produce keratin
Secrete lamellar granules which contain a water repellant sealant
Function of tactile epithelial cells in the epidermis
Sensitive to touch
Difference between epidermis thick and thin skin
Thick skin has five layers of epidermis whilst thin skin has four layers
Thick skin has a thick stratum corneum and vice versa
The layers of the epidermis from topmost to deepest
Thick or thin Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum only in thick skin
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale
Which part of the epidermis contains stem cells that produce keratinocytes
Stratum basale
Which part of the epidermis contains four to six rows of clear flat dead keratinocytes with large amounts of keratin
Stratum lucidum
What type of connective tissue make up the dermis
Dense irregular connective tissue containing collagen and elastic fibers
The two parts of the dermis
Thin superificial papillary dermis
Thick deeper reticular dermis
What are dermal papille
Dermal ridges in the papillary dermis that house blood capillaries, tactile or meissner corpuscles and free nerve endings
Which tissues make up the papillary dermis
Areolar connective tissue made up of thin Collagen and fine elastic fibers
Which part of the skin is responsible for its extensibility and elasticity
Collagen and elastic fibers in the reticular dermis
What causes Striae or stretch marks
Internal damage to the reticular dermis
What is dermatologlyphics
Study of the pattern of the epidermal ridges
What are epidermal ridges
Series of elevations that appear as striaght lines or pattern of loops and whirls on the surface of the palms, soles and tips of digits
