Anatomy Of Pituitary Flashcards

1
Q

Which lobe is connected to the base of the brain?

A

The posterior lobe via the pituitary stalk

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2
Q

What covers the pituitary superiorly?

A

The diaphragma sellae ( a type of dura mater )

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3
Q

The sella turcica is located between which two processes?

A

The anterior and posterior clinoid processes

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4
Q

The ant lobe develops form ?

A

Roof of stomodeum (forms the Rathke’s pouch)

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5
Q

The post lobe arises from?

A

The infundibulum (from the diencephalon)

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6
Q

Which sinus lies anterior to the pituitary?

A

The sphenoidal

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7
Q

Basilar artery lies____to the pituitary

A

Posterior

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8
Q

What vessel connects the adenohypophysis with the neurohypophysis and hypothalamus?

A

The hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal circulation

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9
Q

How are the pituitary lobes regulated ?

A

Post: by the Hypothalamo-hypophyseal tract (secretion of ADH and oxytocin)
Ant: by the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system (secretes many hormones like FSH etc.)

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10
Q

The portal system arises from which artery?

A

The superior hypophyseal (from internal carotid) which gives primary plexus supplies the Infundibulum and median eminance) and then gives secondary plexus supplying anterior lobe

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11
Q

What is located between Pars distalis and intermedia ?

A

Rathke’s pouch

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12
Q

Which types of cells in the distalis is most abundant?

A

The chromophobe cells (Undifferentiated/exhausted chromophils)

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13
Q

Which cells release GH?

A

Somatotrophs AKA orangeophils

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14
Q

What type of cells are mammotrophs and what do they secrete ?

A

They are acidophils and they secrete prolactin and LTH ( their granules enlarge during pregnancy )

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15
Q

Which cells have polyhedral structure and are basophils?

A

Thyrotrophs

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16
Q

Which cells are polyhedral with eccentric round nuclei and they secrete ACTH?

A

Corticotrophs

17
Q

What cells release FSH ? And what are the target cells in males? And what is the response?

A

Gonadotropic cells, sertoli cells, spermatogenesis

18
Q

Which types of cells are affected by LH? What is the response?

A

Leydig cells (testicular interstitial cells), they release testosterone

19
Q

What hormones are released by pars tuburalis?

A

FSH & LH

20
Q

What is the function of pars intermedia?

A

They secrete Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

21
Q

What is the function if pituicytes

A

Support only

22
Q

Where is ADH synthesized, stored and what’s the storage form?

A

Synthesized in the hypothalamus, stored in the post pituitary as Herring bodies (same for oxytocin)