anatomy of pelvis

Question 1

bladder layers

Answer 1

mucosa
detrusor
adventitia

Question 2

bladder parts

Answer 2

trigon
trunk

Question 3

urethra

Answer 3

have smooth muscle fibers
has partially striated muscle fibers

Question 4

urethra sphincters

Answer 4

external
internal

Question 5

internal urethra sphincter

Answer 5

Not real
Spiral and circular fibers of detrusor
Under autonomic nervous system
Involuntary actions
Has slow twitch muscles

Question 6

external urethra sphincter

Answer 6

Real with skeletal muscles
Located in membranous urethra
Under somatic pudendal nervous system
Fast twitch muscles that used for continence and slow twitch that maintain the continence

Question 7

parts of pelvic floor

Answer 7

rhombic
anterior urogenital triangle
posterior anorectal triangle
linear terminalis

Question 8

Rhombic part of PF

Answer 8

symphysis pubis
sacrum
ischial spine

Question 9

linear terminalis

Answer 9

True pelvis=area below
False pelvis=area above

Question 10

areas of PF

Answer 10

external genital muscles
urogenital diaphragm
pelvic diaphragm
endopelvic fascia

Question 11

endopelvic fascia

Answer 11

Connects pelvic organ to pelvic lateral walls
Provides support for bladder, urethra, vagina and other pelvic organs

Question 12

pelvic diaphragm

Answer 12

iliococcygeus
pubococcygeus
puborectalis
ischiococcygeus
collectively known as levator ani muscles
they provide continence

Question 13

urogenital diaphragm

Answer 13

perineal membrane
support urethra and vagina

Question 14

external genital muscles

Answer 14

ischiocavernosus= maintain erection
bulbocavernosus= provides clitoris erection
transverse perineal muscles = regulates intraabdominal pressure and support pelvic viscera

Question 15

active support structure

Answer 15

muscles

Question 16

passive support structure

Answer 16

tendons and ligaments

Question 17

functions of pelvic floor

Answer 17

prevents prolapsus
ensure continence
sexual function
defecation
birth
micturition

Question 18

slow twitch type I

Answer 18

maintain levator ani tone
support pelvic organs
66%

Question 19

fast twitch type II

Answer 19

34%
activated in stressful situations

Question 20

what does supporting pelvic organs depends on

Answer 20

PF skeletal muscles
Strong connective tissue
Attachment of structures to pelvic bone

Question 21

phases of micturition

Answer 21

bladder filling
bladder emptying

Question 22

preparation for urination

Answer 22

Levator ani and striated urethra sphincter muscles relaxes
Pressure of urethra closure is reduced
Detrusor contracts and bladder neck opens
Micturition mediated by autonomic and somatomotor nerves
When voiding completes levator ani and sphincter muscles contracts
detrusor contraction stops and become ready for filling

Question 23

urinary system neuroanatomy

Answer 23

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic
Somatic

Question 24

sympathetic

Answer 24

T10-L2
Facilitates bladder storage
Hypogastric and pelvic nerves

Question 25

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 25

Perineum sense control
Pelvic nerve S2-S4

Question 26

Somatic

Answer 26

Prudential nerve
plays peripheral role

Question 27

1st fullness

Answer 27

40%

Question 28

1st micturition feeling

Answer 28

60%
Can be delayed

Question 29

Strong sense of micturition

Answer 29

+90%
constant urge to urinate without fear

Question 30

Storage function

Answer 30

Active somatic and sympathetic
Suppressed parasympathetic
Loose detrusor
Smooth muscle sphincter
Contracted trigone
Low intensity
Works actively 99%

Question 31

Discharge function

Answer 31

Parasympathetic are active
Increase of efferent warning
Voluntary voiding by hypothalamus
Detrusor contracts
Relaxed smooth muscles sphincter and trigone
Voiding fnx begins