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Blood vessels > Anatomy of blood vessels > Flashcards

Anatomy of blood vessels Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of blood vessels?

A

Arteries, Capillaries, Veins

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2
Q

Arteries

A

Always under high pressure
Carries blood away from heart

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3
Q

Capillaries

A

Exchange substances between blood and interstitial fluid

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4
Q

Veins

A

Always under low pressure
Carries blood into the heart

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5
Q

What are the 3 tunic layers of a blood vessel?

A

Tunic Intima
Tunic Media
Tunic Externa

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6
Q

Tunic intima

A

Inner Layer
Epithilial layer

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7
Q

Tunic Media

A

Middle layer
Smooth muscle and elastin fibers
Control blood flow and pressure

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8
Q

Tunic externa

A

Outer layer
Connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers
Reinforces and anchors blood vessel
Recoil

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9
Q

What are the types of arteries?

A

Elastic
Muscular
Arterioles

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10
Q

Elastic Arteries

A

Includes aorta and its branches
Helps expand and recoil due to surge of blood pressure
Elastic fibers in all 3 tunics

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11
Q

Muscular arteries

A

Distal to elastic arteries
Thick tunic media

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12
Q

Large Arterioles

A

Possesses all 3 tunics

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13
Q

Smaller arterioles

A

Single layer of smooth muscle surrounding endothelium

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14
Q

Systolic Blood Pressure

A

Maximum pressure
Left ventricle contraction and ejection of blood into aorta

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15
Q

Diastolic Blood pressure

A

Minimum pressure
Relaxation of left ventricle

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16
Q

What does pulse pressure measure?

A

Measures the force your heart generates when it contracts
Normal is 40-60 mmHg

17
Q

What does Mean Arterial Pressure mean?

A

The average pressure in a persons arteries during one cardiac cycle
Pressure that moves blood to body tissues

18
Q

Characteristics of capillaries

A

Tunica intima only
Lumen the size of a RBC

19
Q

The 3 types of capillaries are?

A

Fenestrated
Sinusoidal
Continous

20
Q

Fenestrated Capillaries

A

Found in the kidney and small intestine

21
Q

Sinusoidal Capillaries

A

Found in places where you want to exchange red blood cells
Liver, spleen, bone marrow

22
Q

Continous Capillaries

A

Doesn’t have a lot of openings which makes it harder for stuff to move in or out
Found in brain, skin, muscles

23
Q

Hydrostatic Pressure

A

Pushes water and solute out of the capillaries at the arteriole side of capillary

24
Q

Osmotic Pressure

A

Draws water and solute into capillaries at the venule side of the capillary

25
Q

What happens if HP is higher than OP?

A

Watery leaves the capillary by filtration

26
Q

What happens if OP is higher than HP?

A

Water enters capillaries through osmosis

27
Q

What are the 3 types of veins?

A

Venules
Veins
Larger veins

28
Q

What do the lumen of veins contain?

A

Valves to prevent the backflow of blood

29
Q

What are the 3 types of veins

A

Venule
Vein
larger vein

30
Q

In veins, the tunic media is __?

A

Thin

31
Q

In veins, the tunic externa is __?

A

Thick

32
Q

MAP __ as distance from the heart __

A

Decreases, increases

33
Q

What are the 4 adaptations in veins to help return blood?

A

Larger Lumen
Skeletal muscle pump
Venus Valves
Respiratory pump

34
Q

What happens in skeletal muscle pump?

A

Skeletal muscles contract and relax to help move blood forward
Venus valves prevent the backflow of blood

35
Q

What happens if you stand too long?

A

It can cause blood to pool at the feet and can cause fainting

36
Q

What happens to blood when you inhale?

A

Increase bloodflow to thoracic veins
Decrease intrathoracic pressure
Diaphragm contracts
Blood moves superiorly Increased intraabdominal pressure

37
Q

What happens to blood when you exhale?

A

Increased bloodflow into heart and abdominal veins
Increased intrathoracic pressure
Diaphragm relaxes
Decreased intraabdominal pressure

Blood vessels (4 decks)

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