Anatomy - Nasal Cavities and Paranasal Sinuses

Question 1

What kind of cartilage is the cartilage in the nose? What are it’s properties?

Answer 1

Hyaline cartilage
Tough but pliable
Avascular - reliant on diffusion from skin overlying it

Question 2

What should you not be used in the region of the nasal cartilages (including the nasal septum)?.

Answer 2

Adrenalin containing anaesthetic

Question 3

What does a septal haematoma do?

Answer 3

Separates the septal cartilage from its nutrient source

Question 4

What makes up the nasal septum?

Answer 4

Perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone
vomer (posteriorly)
septal hyaline cartilage (anteriorly)

Question 5

What makes up the roof of the nasal cavity?

Answer 5

nasal bones (anteriorly) cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone including the crista galli of the ethmoid (posteriorly)

Question 6

What makes up the floor of the nasal cavity?

Answer 6

the hard palate
R & L Maxillae (anteriorly)
palatine bones (posteriorly)

Question 7

What makes up the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

Answer 7

Orbital plate of ethmoid
ethmoidal (air) cells
superior and middle conchae

Question 8

What can Le Fort 2 and 3 fractures do?

Answer 8

Can disrupt the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone resulting in danger of infection spreading drom the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses into the anterior cranial fossa

Question 9

Why does a septal haematoma need to be incised and drained?

Answer 9

To prevent AVN of the septal hyaline cartilage

Question 10

Name the different kinds of mucosa lining the nasal cavities from nostril backwards.

Answer 10

Keratinise stratified squamous epitheium
respiratory epithelium
olfactory mucosa

Question 11

Name the two parts of the Olfactory nerve?

Answer 11

Olfactory bulb -->
Olfactory tract (ends in the temporal lobe)

Question 12

What actually is the olfactory bulb?

Answer 12

a ganglion containing the synapses with the cell bodies of the 2nd neurones in the olfactory chain

Question 13

Name the first neurones in the olfactory chain that are located within the ofactory mucosa.

Answer 13

Olfactory receptor cells

Question 14

Which nerve supplies the anterosuperior part of the nasal cavity with somatic sensory nerves?

Answer 14

CN V1

Question 15

In the nasal cavity, where does CN V2 supply and with what?

Answer 15

Posteroinferior part with soatic sensory nerves

Question 16

Which artery(ies) supplies the face from its deep aspect and which artery supplies the face from a more superficial aspect?

Answer 16

Deep - maxillary artery and ophthalmic artery

Superficial - Facial artery

Question 17

Which artery supplies the tongue?

Answer 17

Lingual artery

Question 18

Which arteries suppply the lateral and septal wall of the nasal cavities?

Answer 18

Nasal branches of the ophthalmic artery

Question 19

What is the approximate location of Kiesselbach’s (or “Little’s Area”) on the nasal septum?

Answer 19

Anteriorly and inferiorly in the nasal cavity

Question 20

What arteries anastamose at Keisselbach’s area?

Answer 20

Facial, ophthalmic and maxillary arteries

Question 21

Which concha is a bone in its own right?

Answer 21

Inferior concha

Question 22

There are 2 nasal conchae which are extensions of waht bones?

Answer 22

Ethmoid bone

Question 23

Name the 3 meatuses and one recess of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity?

Answer 23

Sphenoethmoidal recess
Superior meatus
Midde meatus
Inferior meatus

Question 24

What are the functions of the nasal cavity?

Answer 24

Warm, humidify and remove particulate matter.
special sense of smell
drainage of mucous frm the paranasal sinuses

Question 25

Name the 4 groups of paranasal sinuses?

Answer 25

Frontal sinuses
Maxillary sinuses - antrum
Ethmoidal air cells
Sphenoidal sinuses

Question 26

What are the paranasal sinuses lined with?

Answer 26

mucous-secreting respiratory mucosa

Question 27

What drains into the sphenoethmoidal recess?

Answer 27

Sphenoidal sinus

Question 28

Where do the ethmoidal air cells drain?

Answer 28

Superior and middle meatuses

Question 29

Where do the frontal and antrum/ maxillary sinuses drain?

Answer 29

Middle meatus

Question 30

What can be found in the inferior meatus?

Answer 30

Opening of the nasolacrimal duct

Question 31

Where are tears produced?

Answer 31

Lacrimal glands

Question 32

How come maxiallry sinusitis can present as toothache?

Answer 32

Common sensory nerve supply from CN V to the maxilla./ mandible, antral mucosa and all the teeth