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intro to neuro > anatomy: muscles of the face > Flashcards

anatomy: muscles of the face Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anterior aspect of the head

A

Face

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2
Q

What is the span of the face

A

From superior margin of forehead to chin & one ear to another

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3
Q

What is the components of the scalp

A

Skin
Connective tissue (dense)
Aponeurosis
Loose connective tissue
Pericranium

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4
Q

From where does facial muscles originate embryologically

A

2nd pharyngeal arch

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5
Q

What is the three groups of facial muscles

A

Orbital, nasal & oral

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6
Q

What is the motor innervation of the face

A

Facial nerve CN VII

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7
Q

Where does the facial nerve exit the skull

A

Stylomastoid foramen into parotid gland & branches

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8
Q

What is the five branches of the facial nerve

A

Temporal: ear
Zygomatic: cheek
Buccal: cheek & upper jaw
Marginal mandibular: lower jaw
Cervical: neck

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9
Q

What is the sensory innervation of the face

A

Branches of trigeminal nerve

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10
Q

What is the three branches of the trigeminal nerve

A

CN V1 ophthalmic
CN V2 maxillary
CN V3 mandibular

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11
Q

What is the arterial blood supply of the face

A
  1. External carotid artery
  2. Internal carotid artery
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12
Q

Into what 2 arteries does the external carotid artery branch into

A
  1. Facial artery
  2. Superficial temporal artery
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13
Q

Into what artery does the internal carotid artery branch into

A

Ophthalmic artery

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14
Q

What is the venous drainage of the face

A
  1. Facial vein
  2. Superficial temporal vein
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15
Q

What is facial nerve palsy

A

Bell’s palsy
Temporary facial paralysis on one side due to swelling/inflammation or idiopathic

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16
Q

What is marginal mandibular branch lesion

A

Paralysis of muscles of lower lip of side

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17
Q

What is the three muscles of the eye

A
  1. Orbicularis oculi palpebral
  2. Orbicularis oculi orbital
  3. Corrugator supercilii
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18
Q

What is the origin, insertion & action of Orbicularis oculi palpebral

A

Origin: medial palpebral ligament
Insertion: lateral palpebral raphe
Action: closes eyelids gently

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19
Q

What is the origin, insertion & action of Orbicularis oculi orbital

A

Origin: medial palpebral ligament & parts of frontal & maxillary bones
Insertion: ellipse around orbit
Action: closes eyelids forcefully

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20
Q

What is the origin, insertion & action of Corrugator supercilii

A

Origin: medial aspect of superciliary arch
Insertion: skin of eyebrow
Action: draws eyebrows together causing wrinkles on nose

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21
Q

What is the four muscles of the nose

A
  1. Nasalis transverse
  2. Nasalis alar
  3. Procerus
  4. Depressor septi nasi
22
Q

What is the origin, insertion & action of nasalis transverse

A

Origin: maxilla lateral to nose
Insertion: aponeurosis on dorsum of the nose
Action: compress nasal opening

23
Q

What is the origin, insertion & action of nasalis alar

A

Origin: maxilla over lateral incisor
Insertion: alar cartilage of nose
Action: widens nasal opening

24
Q

What is the origin, insertion & action of procerus

A

Origin: nasal bone
Insertion: skin of lower medial forehead
Action: draws border of eyebrows downward & wrinkles over nose

25
What is the origin, insertion & action of depressor septi nasi
**Origin:** maxilla above central incisor **Insertion:** nasal septum **Action:** pulls nose inferiorly & assist alar of nasalis to widen nares
26
What is the eleven oral muscles
1. Orbicularis oris 2. Buccinator 3. Depressor anguli oris 4. Depressor labii inferioris 5. Mentalis 6. Risorius 7. Zygomaticus major 8. Zygomaticus minor 9. Levator labii superioris 10. Levator anguli oris 11. Levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
27
What is the origin, insertion & action of orbicularis oris
**Origin:** maxilla & mandible **Insertion:** skin & mucous membrane of lips **Action:** close & protrudes lips
28
What is the origin, insertion & action of buccinator
**Origin:** maxilla, mandible & pterygomandibular **Insertion:** blends with orbicularis oris into lips **Action:** pulls cheeks inwards against teeth, aids in chewing & expel air forcefully
29
What is the origin, insertion & action of depressor anguli oris
**Origin:** oblique line of mandible **Insertion:** modiolus **Action:** depresses corners of mouth
30
What is the origin, insertion & action of depressor labii inferioris
**Origin:** oblique line of mandible **Insertion:** skin & submucosa of lower lip **Action:** pulls lower lip downwards & laterally
31
What is the origin, insertion & action of mentalis
**Origin:** mandible inferior to incisor **Insertion:** skin of chin **Action:** raises & protrudes lower lip
32
What is the origin, insertion & action of risorius
**Origin:** fascia of masseter **Insertion:** modiolus **Action:** pulls angles of mouth laterally & superiorly
33
What is the origin, insertion & action of zygomaticus major
**Origin:** zygomatic bone **Insertion:** modiolus **Action:** elevates corners of mouth upwards & laterally
34
What is the origin, insertion & action of zygomaticus minor
**Origin:** zygomatic bone **Insertion:** upper lip **Action:** draws upper lip upwards
35
What is the origin, insertion & action of levator labii superioris
**Origin:** infra-orbital margin of maxilla **Insertion:** skin of upper lip **Action:** raises upper lip & helps form nasolabial furrow
36
What is the origin, insertion & action of levator anguli oris
**Origin:** maxilla **Insertion:** modiolus **Action:** raises corner of the mouth & helps form nasolabial furrow
37
What is the origin, insertion & action of levator labii superioris alaeque nasi
**Origin:** frontal process of maxilla **Insertion:** alar cartilage & upper lip **Action:** raises upper lip & open nostrils
38
What is the other three muscles at the face
1. Platysma 2. Auricular muscles 3. Occipitofrontalis
39
What is the origin, insertion & action of platysma
**Origin:** skin & fascia of superior thoracic & shoulder region **Insertion:** mandible & lower lip **Action:** tenses skin & can move lower lip & corners of mouth down
40
What is the origin, insertion & action of auricular muscles anterior
**Origin:** temporal fascia **Insertion:** helix of ear **Action:** pull ear upwards & forwards
41
What is the origin, insertion & action of auricular superior
**Origin:** epicranial aponeurosis **Insertion:** upper part of auricle **Action:** elevates ears
42
What is the origin, insertion & action of auricular muscles posterior
**Origin:** mastoid process **Insertion:** concha of ear **Action:** retracts & elevate ears
43
What is the origin, insertion & action of frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
**Origin:** skin of eyebrow **Insertion:** g **Action:** wrinkles forehead & raises eyebrow
44
What is the origin, insertion & action of occipital belly of occipitofrontalis
**Origin:** superior nuchal line & mastoid process **Insertion:** galea aponeurotica **Action:** draws scalp backwards
45
What is the four muscles of mastication
1. Masseters 2. Temporalis 3. Lateral pterygoid 4. Medial pterygoid
46
What is the origin, insertion & action of masseters
**Origin:** Superficial layer: maxillary process of zygomatic bone Deep layer: zygomatic arch of temporal bone **Insertion:** ramus of mandible **Action:** elevates mandible
47
What is the origin, insertion & action of temporalis
**Origin:** temporal fossa **Insertion:** coronoid process & anterior margin of ramus of mandible **Action:** elevates & retracts mandible
48
What is the origin, insertion & action of lateral pterygoid
**Origin:** Upper head: roof of infratemporal fossa Lower head: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid **Insertion:** capsule of temporomandibular joint **Action:** protrusion & side to side movement
49
What is the origin, insertion & action of medial pterygoid
**Origin:** Superficial head: maxillary tuberosity & pyramidal process of palatine bone Deep head: medial aspect of lateral pterygoid plate & pyramidal process of palatine bone **Insertion:** ramus of mandible **Action:** elevation & side to side movement
50
What is the innervation for muscles of mastication
Mandibular nerve CN V3
51
What is the blood supply for muscles of mastication
Maxillary artery

intro to neuro (9 decks)

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