Anatomy misc Flashcards
What innervates the anterior lower leg muscles
Deep fibular nerve
What is the movement of the anterior lower leg muscles?
Dorsiflexion of the foot
Which muscles evert the foot? And what supplies them?
Fibularis longus and brevis, superficial fibular nerve
What nerve innervates the posterior leg muscles? And what are they responsible for?
Tibial nerve
Plantar flexion and flexion of the toes
The sural nerve is the cutaneous branch of?
Tibial nerve
CN III (OCULARMOTOR) palsy presents as?
Ptosis, fixed dilated pupil and eye resting down and out
Which artery is likely to cause a oculamotor nerve palsy?
Posterior communicating artery
What makes up most of the anterior surface of the heart?
Right ventricle
Movements of the iliopsoas muscles?
Flexion of the hip joint
Lateral rotation of the thigh at the hip
Arterial supply of the stomach
Left gastric, splenic and common hepatic branches of the COELIAC TRUNK
How to differentiate between a direct and indirect hernia?
Inguinal hernia is lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels
Direct is medial
What nerve supplies the lateral thigh? (branch of)
Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, from the lumbar plexus
What vessels supply the temporal lobe?
Posterior cerebral artery and middle cerebral artery
Wrist compartments contents
1 - 6
- Extensor pollicis brevis & abductor pollicis longus tendons
- Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
- EPL
- Extensor digitorum and extensor indicis tendons
- Extensor digit minimi
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
Main muscles used to extend the knee
Quadriceps femoris
Innervation of the parotid gland
4 parts of the ovarian tube
Masseter muscle primary role
Elevation of the mandible
What is the portal triad?
portal triad (plural portal triads) (anatomy) A distinctive component of a hepatic lobule, found running along each of the lobule’s corners, that consists of branches of the hepatic artery proper, hepatic portal vein and bile ducts, as well as other structures.
Which abdominal organs are retroperitoneal (SAD PUCKER)
The Suprarenal (Adrenal) gland, Aorta and IVC, Duodenum, Pancreas, Ureter, Colon, Kidney, Esophagus, and Rectum.
Flexor tendons distal attachements
Function of the facial muscles
Which eye muscles make the eye look out
Rectus
- Superior - up and out
- Inferior - down and out
Which eye muscles make the eye look in
Oblique
- Superior - in & down
- Inferior - in and up
Which eye muscles not supplied by the oculomotor nerve?
Lacteral rectus - abducens (IV)
Superior oblique - trochlear (VI)
Cranial nerve order and functions
What forms the ankle joint
Distal ends of the tibia and fibula, & superior part of the talus
Components of the ear - external, middle and inner
Bony landmarks of the vertebral levels
C7
T3
T7
L4
S2
C7 - vertebral prominens
T3 - Spine of scapula
T7 - Inferior angle of scapula
L4 - Iliac crest
S2 - Sacral dimple
Ventral ramus of spinal nerves =
Anterior division of a spinal nerve
Trapezius actions
Elevates the scapula - shoulder shrug
Retracts the scapula
Lateral rotation of scapula (adbucts the arm)
Lat dorsi
Origins
Actions
T6 - Sacrum
Adduction of the arm at GH joint
Medical rotation of the arm at GH joint
Extension of the arm at the GH joint
Rhomboids action
Retract the scapulae
Erector spinae innervation
Dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Which ligaments likely to be injured in a whip lash injury?
Longitudinal spinal ligaments
Borders of the axillary inlet
Medial - lateral border of 1st rib
Ant. - posterior surface of clavicle
Posterior - superior border of the scapula
Two heads of the pec major muscle
Insertion
Clavicular
Sternocostal
Lateral lip of humerus
Movements of the Pec Major
Adduction of the GH joint
Medial rotation
Flexion of extended arm (back to neutral)
Extension of flexed arm (back to neutral)
Nerve supply to pectoral muscle
Lateral (and medial pectoral nerve
Action of Pec Minor
Stabilises scapula on thorax
Coraobrachialis
Origin
Insertion
Action
Tip of coracoid process
Medial border of shaft of humerus
Flexes the shoulder
Biceps
Origin
Insertion
Action
Coracoid process
Radial tuberosity
Flex shoulder and elbow
Axillary artery
Continuation of what
a) proximally
b) distally
a) subclavian
b) brachial
Axillary artery branches
a) Distal to Pec Mi
b) Posterior to Pec Mi
c) Distal to Pec Mi
a) Superior thoracic - ant. wall of thorax
b) Thoraco-acromaial and lateral thoracic
c) Anterior / posterior circumflex humeral, subscapular
What vessels at risk in # of humeral neck
Anterior / posterior circumflex humeral
Layers of neck fascia
What level does the trachea bifurcate
T4/5
Central cord syndrome characterised by….
Bilateral UMN motor and sensory loss
Upper > lower limbs
Distal > proximal
Motor > sensory
Bladder dysfunction
Ligament most likely to be damaged by an AC joint dislocation?
Acromioclavicular and coracoclavicular ligaments
