ANATOMY- LOWER LIMB Flashcards
VASTUS MEDIALIS
O- femur: medial part of intertrochanteric line, medial lip of Linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
I- quadriceps tendon and medial border of patella
A- extension of knee
VASTUS LATERALIS
Needs to be strong for extension
O- lateral part of intertrochanteric line, lateral margin of greater trochanter, lateral margin of gluteal tuberosity, lateral lip of linea aspera
I- quadriceps tendon and lateral border of patella
A- extends the knee
VASTUS INTERMEDIUS
O-femur, upper 2/3s of anterior and lateral surfaces
I- quadriceps femoris tendon and lateral margin of the patella and lateral condylar of tibia
A- extend the knee joint
RECTUS FEMORIS
Origin: long head AIIS
short head ilium above acetabulum
Insertion: quadriceps tendon of the patella
Action: extends the knee and flexes the hip
SEMIMEBRANOSUS
O: ischial tuberosity
I: posterior aspect of the media, tibial condyle
A: extends the hip, flexes and medially flexes the knee
SEMITENDINOSUS
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial surface of the proximal tibia
A: extends the hip, flexes and medially rotates the knee
BICEPS FEMORIS
O: long head ischial tuberosity
Short head linea aspera and lateral supracondylar ridge
I: head of fibula, lateral tibial condyle
A: flexes and laterally rotates the knee, long head extends the hip
PECTINIUS
Origin: superior pubic Ramus
Insertion: lesser trochanter to the linea aspera
Action: flexes and addicts the thigh
GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
O: outer surface of posterior ilium sacrum and coccyx
I: iliotibial band, gluteal tuberosity of femur
A: lateral rotation of the thigh, extension of the thigh
GLUTEUS MINIMUS
O: outer surface of the ilium
I: anterior surface of the greater trochanter
A: addicts and medically rotates the pelvis
GLUTEUS MEDIUS
O: outer surface of the ilium
I: lateral greater trochanter
A: abducts and medically rotates the pelvis
PIRIFORMIS
O: internal surface of sacrum and gluteal surface of ilium
I: greater trochanter
A: lateral rotation and abduction of the flexed hip
TENSOR FASCIA LATAE
O: ASIS and lateral iliac crest
I: iliotibial band and Gerdy’s tubercle, lateral spect proximal tibia
A: flexes and medically rotates the thigh
ADDUCTOR LONGUS
O: body of the pubis
I: middle of linea aspera
A: adducts and medially rotates the thigh
ADDUCTOR BREVIS
O: inferior pubic Ramus
I: lesser trochanter to proximal linea aspera
A: adducts and medically rotates the thigh
OBTURATOR INTERNUS
O: anterolateral wall of true pelvis; deep surface of obturator membrane
I: medial side of the greater trochanter
A: laterally rotates the extended femur joint at the hip
GASTROCNEMIUS
O- medial and lateral heads from medial and lateral femoral condyles
I- Achilles’ tendon into posterior superior calcaneus
A- knee flexion and ankle plantarflexion
SOLEUS
O- posterior surface of tibia, posterior surface of upper 1/3 of fibula
I- fuses with the tendon of gastrocnemius to form upper part of tendocalcaneus into posterior surface of the calcaneus
A- plantar flexion of the foot
POPLITEUS
O- lateral femoral condyle
I- proximal surface of posterior tibia
A- rotates knee medically and flexes the knee
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
o- upper 1/2 to 2/3 lateral surface of tibia and adjacent interosseous membrane
I- medial surface of medial cuneiform and base of 1st MT
A- dorsiflexion of ankle and inversion of the foot
TIBIALIS POSTERIOR
O- medial part- posterior surface o the tibia and interosseous membrane
lateral part- proximal posterior surface of the fibula
I- tubercle on medial side of navicular and plantar surface of medial cuneiform
A- inversion of foot support of the medial longitudinal arch
PERONEUS LONGUS
O- Lateral tibial condyle upper 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula lateral side of fibular head I- base of first MT medial cuneiform A- eversion and plantar flexion of the foot supports the arches of foot
PERONEUS BREVIS
O- lower 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
I- tubercle on the lateral side of base of 5th MT
A- extension of the foot
plantar flexion of the ankle
FLEXOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
posterior surface of the tibia
base of phalanges 1-4
flexes toes and plantar flexes the foot
EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
O- upper 2/3 anterior surface of the fibula
upper part of the interosseous membrane
lateral tibial condyle
I- extensor hood, base of middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
action- extension of lateral 4 toes at MTP joint
dorsiflexion of ankle
extension at IP joint
EXTENSOR HALLUCIS LONGUS
O- Middle 1/2 of anterior surface of fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane
I- dorsal surface, base of distal phalanx of the great toe
A- extends all joints of the great toe
dorsiflexor
