Anatomy Lecture Final Flashcards
What is anatomy?
The study of the structure and shape of the body and its parts and their relationships to each other
What is physiology?
The study of the body and how its parts work or function
List the makeup of organisms.
Atoms, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, and Organisms
How many organ systems are there?
11
What is the mnemonic for the organ systems?
MURDERSLINC
(Muscular, Urinary, Respiratory, Digestive, Endocrine, Reproductive, Skeletal, Lymphatic, Integumentary, Nervous, Cardiovascular)
Give examples of what makes up the integumentary system.
Skin, Hair, Fingernails
Give examples of what makes up the skeletal system.
Bones, Cartilages, Joints
Give examples of what makes up the musculuar system.
Muscles
Give examples of what makes up the nervous system.
Nerves, Spinal Cord, Brain
Give examples of what makes up the endocrine system.
Pineal Gland, Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, Thymus Gland, Adrenal Glands, Pancreas, Testis (male), Ovary (female)
Give examples of what makes up the cardiovascular system.
Heart, Blood Vessels
Give examples of what makes up the lymphatic system.
Lymph Nodes, Lymphatic Vessels
Give examples of what makes up the respiratory system.
Nasal Cavity, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchii, Lungs
Give examples of what makes up the digestive system.
Oral Cavity, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine, Rectum
Give examples of what makes up the urinary system.
Kidneys, Ureters, Bladder, Urethra
What is a normal pH level?
7.35-7.45
What is homeostasis?
The state of balance within the human body, needed for us to stay alive
Describe anatomical position
Body erect, palms facing forward, feet slightly apart with toes pointing forward, and thumbs pointing out to the side
Know superior v. inferior
Superior is up and inferior is down
Know anterior v. posterior
Anterior is towards the front and posterior is towards the back
Know medial v. lateral
Medial is towards the midline and lateral is away from the midline
Proximal v. Distal
Proximal is closer to the body and distal is further from the body
Superficial v. Deep
Superficial is on the surface and deep is towards the core of the body
Describe the sagittal plane
divides the body into right and left
Describe the midsagittal plane
Divides the body into equal right and left halves
Describe the frontal or coronal plane
Divides the body into anterior and posterior
Describe the transverse or horizontal plane
divides the body into superior and inferior parts
Describe an oblique plane
Diagonal sections
Know the cavities: What cavity is the brain found in?
Cranial Cavity
What cavity is the spinal cord found in?
Vertebral Cavity
What cavity contains the heart and lungs?
Thoracic Cavity
What cavity contains the digestive organs?
Abdominal Cavity
What cavity contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs?
Pelvic Cavity
What is a serous membrane?
Slick membranes that line the ventral body cavity and cover organs in that cavity
Serous membranes come in __________.
Pairs (Visceral and Parietal)
Parietal Serous Membranes form the ……
Outside of the membranous sac
Visceral Serous Membranes form the……..
Inside of the membranous sac
What type of fluid is found within the serous membrane?
Serous Fluid
What is the function of serous fluid?
To reduce friction of organs and tissues
Where is the parietal and visceral peritoneum found?
Abdominal Cavity
Where is the parietal and visceral pleura found?
Lungs
Where is the parietal and visceral pericardium found?
Heart
What is a mixture?
A substance made of 2 or more components that are intermixed
What are the 3 types of mixtures?
Solutions (homogeneous), Colloids (emulsions), & Suspensions (heterogeneous)
What is a chemical compound?
a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules composed of atoms from more than one element held together by bonds
What is a chemical bond?
This is an energy relationship between the “e-“ of the reacting atoms
What is an ionic bond?
Ions that are charged atoms resulting from the gain or loss of electrons
Do covalent bonds share?
Yes
What is the word for water hating?
Hydrophobic
What is the word for water loving?
Hydrophilic
