Anatomy L16 - Osteology of the Upper Limb

Question 1

What two bones make up the pectoral girdle?

Answer 1

the clavicle and the scapula make up the pectoral girdle, aka shoulder girdle.

Question 2

Where does the long head of biceps brachii attach on the glenoid?

Answer 2

supraglenoid tubercle

Question 3

Where does the long head of triceps brachii attach on the glenoid?

Answer 3

infraglenoid tubercle

Question 4

What are the anterior muscles of the rotator cuff and their attachments?

Answer 4

Muscle: subscapularis
Attachment: subscapular fossa

Question 5

What are the posterior muscles of the rotator cuff and their attachments

Answer 5

Muscle: supraspinatus
Attachment: supraspinous fossa

Muscle: Infraspinatus
Attachment: infraspinous fossa

Muscle: Teres minor
Attachment: lateral/axillary border

Question 6

Is teres minor a rotator cuff muscle?

Answer 6

Yes

Question 7

Is teres major a rotator cuff muscle?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

What is the deltoid tuberosity?

Answer 8

a structural feature on the lateral posterior humerus where the deltoid inserts

Question 9

What are the rotator cuff muscles?

Answer 9

SSIT - Subscapularis, Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor

Question 10

What are the prominent surface markings of the humerus and the relevance?

Answer 10

Head: articulates with glenoid of scapula
Lesser tubercle: attachment of subscapularis (rotator cuff)
Greater tubercle: attachment for rotator cuff muscles, except subscapularis
Bicipital Groove/Intertubular Sulcus: attachment for long tendon of biceps brachii
Deltoid tuberosity: attachment for deltoid
Midshaft: attachment for coracobrachialis and brachialis

Question 11

What is significant about the medial epicondyle of the distal humerus?

Answer 11

provides origin for wrist and finger FLEXORS; common FLEXOR origin

MEDIAL FLEXOR

Question 12

What is significant about the lateral epicondyle of the distal humerus?

Answer 12

provides origin for wrist and finger EXTENSORS; common EXTENSOR origin

LATERAL EXTENSOR

Question 13

What are the significant bone markings on the radius? (4)

Answer 13

Head of Radius: articulates with capitulum of humerus and radial notch of ulna

Radial Tuberosity: provides attachment site for biceps brachii tendon

Radial Shaft: provides attachment sites for pronators and supinators of the forearm, as well as some of the flexors and extensors of the wrist and fingers

Distal End: articulates with the scaphoid and lunate carpal bones

Question 14

What are the significant bone markings on the ulna? (4)

Answer 14

Trochlear Notch: articulates with trochlea of humerus to form the stable hinge joint of the elbow. AKA semilunar notch

Coronoid Process: provides insertion point for brachialis and origin for pronator teres

Olecranon Process (the elbow): provides insertion for the triceps tendon

Ulnar Shaft: provides origin for pronator quadratus and supinator as well as digital extensors

Question 15

Does the distal ulna articulate with the carpal bones?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

Does the radius articulate with the carpal bones?

Answer 16

Yes - scaphoid and lunate