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Anatomy III > Anatomy III > Flashcards

Anatomy III Flashcards

1
Q

V1, N.opthamlicus

A

Foramen: orbital fissure
Branches: N.lacrimlaes, N.frontalis

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2
Q

V2, N.maxillaris

A

Foramen: Rostral alar foramen
Branches: N.zygomaticus, N.infraorbitale,

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3
Q

V3, N.mandibularis

A

Foramen: Ovale
Branches: N.buccalis, n.auriculotemporalis, n.alveolaris inferior, nn.mentales, n.linguales

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4
Q

N.mylohyoideus

A

n.mandibularis —> n.alveolaris inferior —> n.mylohyoideus, found ventrally on mandible

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5
Q

N.hypoglossus

A

Runs with A.lingualis, lies medially on digastricus muscle, motor nerve , foramen hypoglossus

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6
Q

N.alveolaris mandibularis/inferior

A

Passes in-between the median and lateral pterygoid muscle, gives of N.mylohyoideus. Enter through the mandibular foramen into alveolar canal, exit via mental foramen

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7
Q

N.linguales

A

leaves the mandibular nerve by the stylohyoid bone, then course medially on the mylohyoid muscle. Gives of N.sublinguales. Sensory nerve (2/3 of the tongue)

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8
Q

m.pterygoideus medialis

A

O: fossa pterygopalatina
I: fossa pterygoidea (medially, below for.mandibula)
A: grinding, close jaw

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9
Q

m.pterygoideus lateralis

A

O: ventral to alaris canalis, and fissura orbitales from sphenoid bone
I: fovea pterygoidea (medially, next to processus paracondylaris of mandible)
A: grinding, closes jaw

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10
Q

Muscles of the tongue: intrinsic

A

fibra longtitudinales superficiales, profunda and fibra perpendiculares

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11
Q

Muscles of the tongue: extrinsic

A

m. styloglossus, m.geniglossus, m.hyoglossus

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12
Q

N.glossopharyngeus

A

transect m.stylopharyngeus , caudal to stylohyoid bone. CN # IX

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13
Q

N.vagus

A

“Vagosympathetic trunk” runs with common carotid and internal jugular vein

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14
Q

N.accessorius

A

innervates the sternocleidomastoideus group of muscles

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15
Q

Vagous group

A

CN:
IX N.glossopharyngus
X N.vagus
XI N.accessorius

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16
Q

A.carotis externa

A 
A.occipitales 
A. laryngea cran
A.ascending laryneal ?
A.lingules 
A.faciales 
A auriculare caudale 
A.parotidea
A superficial temporal 
A.maxillaris
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17
Q

Soft palate muscles

A

m. palatinus
m. tensor veli palatinus
m. levator veli palatini

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18
Q

Larynx: extrinsic muscles

A

m. thyrohyoideus
m. hyoepiglotticus
m. sternothyroideus

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19
Q

Larynx: intrinsic muscles

A

m. cricothyroideus
m. cricoarytenoideus dorsalis
m. cricoarytenoideus lateralis
m. thyroarytenoideus
m. arytenoideus transversus
m. vocalis
m. ventricularis

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20
Q

m.omotrasversarius

A

O:distal part of spina scapula
I:caudal boarder of ala atlantis

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21
Q

m.sternocephalicus

A

O: sternum manubri
I: m.sternomastoideus: mastoid part of temporal bone
m:sternooccipitalis: nuchal crest of occipital bone

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22
Q

m.brachiocephalicus

A

m.cleidobrachialis:
O: distal cranial surface of humerus and crust humeri
I: clavicular intersection
m.cleidocephalicus
O: clavicular intersection
I: m.cleidomastoideus: mastoid part of temporal bone
m.cleidocervicales: dorsal midline(raphne cervicis) over cranial half of neck

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23
Q

Lc. cervicale

A

cranial to m.suprasninatus, on lateral surface of neck, covered by skin, fascia and muscles

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24
Q

N.accessorius

A

innervates m.sternocleidomastoideus group

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25
Q

m.pectoralis profundus (ascendens)

A

O: all sterner of sternum and costal cartilage of true ribs
I: minor tubercle of humerus

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26
Q

m.pectoralis superficialis (2 parts)

A

O: m.pectroalis desendence: sternum manibri
m. pectoralis transrversus: 1-3rd sternebra
I: crest of greater tubercle of humerus, upper part of crista humeri

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27
Q

nn.pectoralis craniale et caudale

A

cranial: ventral branch of C6,C7,C8
caudal: ventral branch C8,T1,T2

Look between superficial and deep pectoral muscles

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28
Q

N.thoracodorsalis

A

C8(C6,C7) runs with A.thoracodorsalis, supplies the m.lattisimus dorsi

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29
Q

N.thoracicus longus

A

Runs across muscle belly of mm. serrates ventralis

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30
Q

N.thoracicus longus

A

C7, Runs across muscle belly of mm. serrates ventralis

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31
Q

N.thoracicus lateralis

A

C8, T1, T2, has some branches that intermingle with intercostal nerves. Should be seen daily simple coursing the space between m.lattisimus dorsi and m.pectroales profundus

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32
Q

Root of plexus brachialis

A

Situated cranially to the first rib. Composed of spinal nerves originating from the segment of C6-C8, T1, T2

nn. subscapulare
n. suprascapularis
n. musculocutaneous
n. axillaris
n. radialis
n. medianus
n. ulnarisn.braciocephalic?

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33
Q

n.suprascapularis

A

C6-C7, supplies the supraspinatus muscle

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34
Q

n. musculocutaneous

A

C6-C8, runs next to the biceps muscle, tucked away

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35
Q

n. musculocutaneous

A

C6-C8, runs next to the biceps muscle, tucked away, supplies all cranial muscles of the brachium

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36
Q

n.radialis

A

C7-C8, T1,T2, thick nerve perforating the triceps, can be found on the lateral aspect of the forelimb, just above the elbow joint

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37
Q

n.radialis

A

C7-C8, T1,T2, thick nerve perforating the triceps, can be found on the lateral aspect of the forelimb, just above the elbow joint, search under the most distal boarder of the lateral head of the triceps. There is a deep radial nerve and a superficial radial nerve which further divides into a lateral and median portion. Motor nerve of all EXTENSORS of elbow, carpus and digits of the forelimb.

38
Q

n.medianus

A

C8,T1,T2, runs on medial aspect of limb, runs beside median artery

39
Q

n.ulnaris

A

C8, T1, T2 runs on medial aspect of limb, heads toward olecranon, gives off a cutaneous ulna branch going caudally, caudal cutaneous antibrachial nerve

40
Q

ln. axillaris proprium

A

buried around “octopus leg”, around a.thoracaodorsalis

41
Q

ln. axillaris accessorius

A

not always present, found between pectorals and lattisimus dorsi

42
Q

m.scalenus (2 parts)

A

O: m.scalenus dorsalis: transverse proc. C4-C6
m.scalenus medius: transverse proc. C6-C7
I: m.scalenus dorsalis 2 parts:
dorsally situated on first four ribs
ventrally situated first 9 ribs
m.scalenus medius: cranial boarder of first rib

43
Q

n.ulnaris, n.medianus

A

originate together and split at the level of the shoulder joint or just above

44
Q

n.medianus, n.musculocutaneous

A

have a communicating branch called rams communicans, that forms sort of a loop around the A. brachialis

45
Q

n. radialis superficialis

A

Look for cephalic vein, cranial superficial anti brachial artery, - lateral and medial. Superficial radial nerve, - lateral and medial

46
Q

m.extensor carpi radialis

A

O: lateral epicondyle, crest of humerus
I: Mc II-III
A: strongest extensor of carpal joints

47
Q

m.extensor carpi ulnaris

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus, behind collateral ligament
I: Mc. V base - tendon to accessory carpal bone
A: help support weight in extension and also flexion, abduction and lateral rotation of carpal joint

48
Q

m. extensor digitorium communis

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: digits II-V
A: extends carpus and joints of digits II-V

49
Q

m.extensor digitorum lateralis

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: digits III-V
A: extends carpus and joint of digit III-V

50
Q

m.extensor digiti pollicis et indicis

A

O: middle third of ulna
I: pollicis: head of MC I, indicis: distal phalanx digit II
A: extends digits I-II

51
Q

m.abductor digiti ( I.) pollicis longus

A

O: adjacent lateral surface of radius and ulna, and from interossus membrane
I: Mc I base (medially)
A: extends and abducts digit I

52
Q

m.supinator

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: cranial surface of proximal part of radius
A: supinates forearm and forefoot

53
Q

m.brachioradialis

A

O: lateral supracondylar crest
I: distally medially on radius
A: supinates forearm and forefoot

54
Q

m. pronator teres

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: craniomedial surface of radius upper part
A: pronates forearm

55
Q

m.pronator quadratus

A

O and I: connect apposed surface of radius and ulna, fills interossus space (medially)
A: pranates forearm

56
Q

m. flexor carpi radialis

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: Mc: II-III
A: flexes carpus

57
Q

m. flexor carpi ulnaris

A

O: caput humerale, medial epicondyle of humerus, caput ulnare, proximal end of ulna
I: accessory carpal bone
A: flexes carpus

58
Q

m. flexor digitorum superficiale

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: middle phalanx of digits II-V
A: flexes carpus and affected joint of digits II-V

59
Q

m. flexor digitorum profundus

A

O: caput humerale, from median epicondyle of humerus, caput radiale, from proximo medially from radius and caput ulnare, from proximo, caudally from ulna
I: distal phalanx digits I-V
A: flexes carpus

60
Q

N.trigeminus CN#V

A

V1. N.opthamicus
V2. N.maxillaris
V3. N.mandibularis

61
Q

m.sartorius

A

dogs: cranial and caudal part
O: iliac crest, cranial ventral iliac spine, thoracolumbar fascia
I: cranial part, above stifle, caudal part: below stifle

62
Q

m.pectineus

A

O: pecten ossis pubis, prepubic tendon
I. nedial hip of rough surface of femoral shaft
A: adduction of thigh

63
Q

m.adductor

A

O: adductor longus, from rams craniale ossis pubis
m.adductor magnus et brevis arisign from symphesis pelvis, ramus caudalis ossis pubis and ramus ossis ischi
I: fascies aspera and labium lateral of femur
A: adduct hindlim, extends hip

64
Q

m.gracilis

A

O: symphesis pelvis
I: medially on tibial crest, fascia cruris, tuber calcanei by accessory tendon to common calcaneal tendon
A: adducts hindlimb, extends hip, flexes stifle, extends tarsus

65
Q

Superficial veins of hindlimb

A 
Femoral vein
Sapenous vein
- lateral sapenous vein 
 - caudal branch 
 - cranial branch
- median saphenous vein 
    - caudal branch 
    - cranial branch 
Plantar common digital vein 
Dorsal common digital vein
66
Q

Ln. popliteus

A

situated caudal to stifle joint in the popliteal region of the hindlimb

67
Q

Plexus lumbalis

A 
Composed of Nn. lumbales, number of lumbar nerves correspond with number of lumbar vertebra: 6 - Eq, Su, Ru 7 - Ca & Fe
Ventral branches: 
cranial iliohypogastric nerve 
caudal iliohypogastric nerve 
ilioinguinal nerve 
genitofemoral nerve 
lateral cutaneous femoral nerve 
femoral nerve 
obturator nerve
68
Q

Lumbar muscles:

A

Psoas minor, quadratus lumborum, iliopsoas

69
Q

m.psoas minor

A

O: last few thoracic and 1-5th lumbar vertebra
I: arcuate line of iliac bone, near iliopubic eminence
A: vertebral column fixed: draw pelvic into deeper position, pelvis fixed: arches lumbar region and and flexes vertebral column

70
Q

m.quadratus lumborum

A

O: 11-13th thoracic vertebra ventrally, last two ribs, transverse proc. lumbar vertebra
I: medial surface of iliac wing
A: fixation and dorsal flexion of vertebral column

71
Q

m.iliopsoas

A

2 parts:
O: m.psoas major: starts ventrally from bodies and transverse proc. of lumbar vertebra, m.iliacus arises between arcuate line and lateral boarder of iliac bone
I: trochanter minor of femur (medially)

72
Q

N.iliohypogastricus

A

L1,L2, divide into lateral and medial, medial branch nor th inguinal region, lateral branch, innervates the skin of the abdominal wall

73
Q

N.ilioinguinales

A

L3, similar path to Nn. iliohypogastricus

74
Q

N.genitofemoralis

A

L3,L4 runs caudal between the lumbar muscles, thin nerve, exits through inguinal canal
Innervates: median muscles of thigh, vulva/scrotum/prepuce, autonomous fibers to ensure “milk let down” ??

75
Q

N. cutaneous femoralis lateralis

A

L4, innervates: skin over the distal thigh and the auriulatio genius

76
Q

N.femoralis

A

L4,L5,L6
Strong nerve, found within psoas muscles
Continous as N.saphena as it enters the femoral canal
Innervates: quadriceps muscles (n.femoris), median muscles of thigh (n.saphena), down to tarsus caudally (n.saphena) N.saphena continuous distally with the a.saphena and the v. saphena mediana

77
Q

N.obturatorius

A

L4,L5,L6, moves caudally to obturator foramen, leaves the pelvis, innervates adductor muscles, find this muscle the nerve courses across it

78
Q

N. gluteus cranialis

A

innervates median and deep gluteal muscles and tensor fascia latae muscle, can be dissected with cranial gluteal artery. usually raises from L6,L7 and S1

79
Q

N.gluteus caudalis

A

sole innervation, of the superficial gluteal muscles, variable origin but usually from L7, S1 and S2

80
Q

N.ischiadicus

A

L6, L7, S1, S2, gives of lots of branches to the lateral muscles of the thigh.

  • Lateral cutaneous sural nerve usually comes from the common fibular nerve
  • Caudal cutaneous sural nerve usually comes from tibial nerve
  • It terminates as the common fibular nerve and the tibial nerve
81
Q

m.gluteus superficialis

A

O: sacrum and first caudal vertebra, partly from sacrotuberous ligament
I: tuberositas glutea

82
Q

m.gluteus medius

A

O: crista ilíaca and gluteal surface of iliac bone
I: greater trochanter of femur

83
Q

m.piriformis

A

O: last sacral and first caudal vertebra
I: greater trochanter of femur

84
Q

m.gluteus profundus

A

O: gluteal surface and body of iliac bone
I: greater trochanter of femur

85
Q

m.obturatorius externus

A

O: outer surface of pelvis, around foramen obturatum
I: trochanteric fossa of femur

86
Q

m.obturatorius internus

A

O: inner surface of pelvis around foramen obturatum
I: after crossing lesser sciatic notch it will attach in trocanteric fossa of femur, its muscle belly runs over m.gemelli

87
Q

m.quadratus femoris

A

O: ventral surface of tabula isis ischii
I: trochanteric fossa of femur

88
Q

m.biceps femoris

A

O: cranial part: sacrotuberous ligament, caudal part: tuber ischiadicum
I: by means of fascia lata and crural fascia to patella, patellar ligament, and tibial tuberosity, tibial crest, tuber calcanei by accessory tendon

89
Q

m.aductor cruris caudalis

A

O: distal part on sacrotuberous ligament
I: disappear in crural fascia on lateral side

90
Q

m.semitendinosus

A

O: tuber ischiadicum
I: tibial crest (medially), tuber calcanei by means of accessory tendon

91
Q

m.semimembranosus

A

O: ventral aspect of tuber ischiadicum
I: cranial belly distally on medial hip medial condyle og femur, caudal muscle belly on medial condyle of tibia

92
Q

m.quadriceps femoris

A

O: rectus femoris: body of illeum, 3 vastus proximally on femur; vests lateralis: craniaolateral, craniomedial, and cranial surface
I: patella, and by means of patellar ligament on tibial tuberosity

Anatomy III (2 decks)

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