anatomy II exam II

Question 1

which muscle is presumbably necessary to “unlock” the knee from its extended position

Answer 1

popliteus

Question 2

list the contents of the popliteal fossa (in order from deep to more superficial)

Answer 2

popliteal A

Popliteal V

Tibial N

Question 3

nerve supply to anterior compartment of thigh

Answer 3

femoral N

Question 4

nerve supply to medial compartment of thigh

Answer 4

obturatory N

Question 5

nerve supply to posterior compartment of thigh

Answer 5

sciatic N (common fibular N and tibial N)

Question 6

name the Mm of the anterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 6

iliopsoas

sartorius

pectineus

quadriceps

Question 7

name the Mm of the posterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 7

hamstrings

semimembranosus

semitendinosus

Question 8

name the Mm of the medial compartment of the thigh

Answer 8

gradicilis

adductor longus

adductor brevis

adductor magnus

obturator externus

Question 9

name the blooc supply to the anterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 9

femoral A

Question 10

name the blood supply to the posterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 10

perforating Aa

Question 11

name the blood supply to the medial compartment of the thigh

Answer 11

obturator A

Question 12

name the basic fxns of the Mm in anterior comparmtent of the thigh

Answer 12

1. iliopsoas: flex and internally rotate hip; extend and lateral bend lumbar vertebral column
2. sartorius: flex and externally rotate hip; flex and internally rotate knee
3. pectineus: flexes, adducts, internally rotate hip
4. rectus femoris: extends knee and flexes hip
5. vastus latealis/medials/intermedius: extends knee

Question 13

name the basic fxns of the Mm of the medial comparmtent of the thigh

Answer 13

hip adduction

Question 14

name the basic fxns of the Mm of the posterior compartment of the thigh

Answer 14

hip extension and knee flexion

Question 15

name the N supply to the superior posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 15

tibial N

Question 16

name the N supply to the deep posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 16

Tibial N

Question 17

name the N supply to the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 17

deep fibular N

Question 18

name the N supply to the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 18

superficial fibular N

Question 19

name the Mm of the superior posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 19

gastrocnemius

soleus

plantaris

triceps surae

Question 20

name the Mm of the deep posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 20

popliteus

flexor digitorum longus

flexor hallucis longus

tibialis posterior

Question 21

name the Mm of the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 21

tibialis anterior

extensor digitorum longus

fibularis tertius

extensory hallucis longus

Question 22

name the Mm of the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 22

fibularis longus (tendon crosses sole of foot and inserts on 1st metatarsus and cuneiform)

fibularis brevis

Question 23

name the blood supply to the superior posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 23

posterior tibial A and fibular A

Question 24

name the blood supply of the deep posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 24

posterior tibial A

Question 25

name the blood supply of the anterior compartment of the leg

Answer 25

anterior tibial A

Question 26

name the blood supply of the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 26

muscular branches arise from the fibular A

Question 27

name the basic fxns of the Mm in the superior posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 27

plantar flexion knee flexion (gastrocnemius only)

Question 28

name the basic fxns of the deep posterior compartment of the leg

Answer 28

plantarflexion ; foot inversion flexes and rotates knee (popliteus)

Question 29

name the basic fxns of the Mm of the anterior comparmtent of the leg

Answer 29

foot dorsiflexion and inversion extends toes

Question 30

name the basic fxns of the Mm of the lateral compartment of the leg

Answer 30

foot eversion

Question 31

the lateral sural cutaneous N is a branch of which N

Answer 31

common fibular N

Question 32

which ligament is the primary support for the medial longitudinal arch of the foot

Answer 32

spring ligament (plantar calcaneonavicular ligament)

Question 33

name the components of foot inversion and eversion

Answer 33

inversion: adduction, supination, plantarflexion eversion: abduction, pronation, dorsiflexion

Question 34

name the individual bones that constitute each of the 3 subdivisions of the foot

Answer 34

hindfoot: talus and calcaneus midfoot: navicular, cuboid, and cuneiforms forefoot: metatarsals and phalanges

Question 35

name the 4 components of the medial collateral ligament of the ankle (STRONGER)

Answer 35

tibionavicular tibiocalcaneal anterior tibiotalar posterior tibiotalar

Question 36

name the 3 components of the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle (WEAKER)

Answer 36

anterior talofibular posterior tablofibular calcaneofibular

Question 37

which bones form the mortise and tenon joint of the ankle

Answer 37

mortise - fibular malleolus, tibial malleolu, distal end of tibia tenon - head of talus

Question 38

which N innervates the intrinsic Mm on the dorusm of the foot

Answer 38

deep fibular N

Question 39

describe the cutaneosus innervation of the dorsum of the foot

Answer 39

sural N (superficial fibular N ; deep fibubular N)

Question 40

list the charactersistics of the dorsal and of the plantar interosseous Mm of the foot

Answer 40

dorsal: abducts toes plantar: adducts toes

Question 41

list the Mm that make up each of the 4 layers of the sole of teh foot

Answer 41

1. abductor hallucis; flexor digitorum brevic; abductor digiti minimi 2. quadratus plantae; lumbricals 3. flexor hallucis brevis; adductor hallucis; flexor digiti minimi brevis 4. dorsal interossei; plantar interossei

Question 42

the tendon of which M passes between 2 sesamoid bones located at the base of teh 1st metatarsus

Answer 42

flexor hallucis longus (push-off M for walking, jumping, and running

Question 43

name the only basiocranial bone that is entirely preformed in cartilage

Answer 43

ethmoid

Question 44

the supraorbital foramina (notches) are associated with which facial bone

Answer 44

frontal bone???

Question 45

which fontanelle is located at the junction of the sagittal and lambdoidal sutures

Answer 45

posterior fontanelle

Question 46

the foramina rotundum and ovale are found in which of the regions of the skull

Answer 46

middle cranial fossae - greater wings of sphenoid

Question 47

the tectoral membrane is a superior extension of which ligament

Answer 47

posterior longitudinal ligament

Question 48

the posterior atlantooccipital membrnae is a superior extension of whic ligament

Answer 48

\*\*\*\*

Question 49

the Mm of the suboccipital triangle are innervatd by which N

Answer 49

suboccipital N

Question 50

describe the location and attachments of the cruciform ligament

Answer 50

atlas and axis

Question 51

which facial M functions to close the eyes

Answer 51

orbicularis oculi

Question 52

name the branches of the facial A

Answer 52

superior and inferior labial Aa lateral nasal Aa angular Aa

Question 53

which cranial N provides most of the sensation to the face

Answer 53

trigenimal N (CN V)

Question 54

what N provides sensory innervation to the very back of the head

Answer 54

greater occipital N

Question 55

which cranial N provides motor innervation to Mm of facial expression

Answer 55

cranial N 7 (Facial N)

Question 56

the adductor hallucis is found in the 3rd layer of Mm on the sole of the foot. it is made up of both an oblique head and a transverse head. what is the common insertion of this M

Answer 56

base of proximal phalanx of the great toe with the flexor hallucis brevis

Question 57

the crural fossa forms retinacula in the foot. the superior retinaculum binds down tendons of Mm located in whcih compartment

Answer 57

anterior crural compartment???

Question 58

the popliteal fossa is formed by the borders of 4 Mm. which pair of Mm forms the inferior and superior boundaries of teh popliteal fossa

Answer 58

inferior: medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius superior: semimembranosus and semitendinosus

Question 59

during knee extension, the patella is pulled proximally by the quadriceps and also laterally. which M is required to counteract teh lateral pull on the patella

Answer 59

medial pull: vastus medialis lateral pull: vastus lateralis

Question 60

which M attahces to both the medial aspect of the femur (linea aspera) and the adductor tubercles, creating the adductor hiatus

Answer 60

adductor magnus

Question 61

which M is part of the posterior comparment of the thigh and attaches to the ischial tuberosity proximally and is capable of externally rotating the knee

Answer 61

biceps femoris (long and short heads)

Question 62

which M is part of the posterior compartment of the thigh and attaches to the ischial tuberosity proximally and is capable of internally rotating the knee

Answer 62

semimembranosus and semitendinosus

Question 63

mnemonic device for tendons of medial foot (anterior to posterior)

Answer 63

TOM DICK AND HARRY tibilias posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus